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Ancient Egypt
| Term | Importance |
|---|---|
| Pharaoh | Egyptian monarch (king/queen) |
| Barter | trade, typically conducted without use of a standardized currency |
| Menes | Part of one of the earliest dynasties (dynasty=ruling family) *united Upper & Lower Egypt |
| Theocracy | *Same person in charge of government (politics) is religious leader |
| Polytheism | *belief in many gods (poly=many) |
| Pyramids | Pharaoh’s tomb inside of these triangular-prism shaped structures |
| Nile River & Silt & Form | *Nile one of the only rivers to flow NORTHward *silt=fine dirt that made land fertile for farming *Egyptians depended on yearly flooding to support farming |
| Upper and Lower Egypt | *Upper=Southern Egypt *Lower=Northern Egypt * “upper” and “lower” determined by the northward flow of Nile |
| Rosetta Stone | *Stone with story in 3 languages: historians used the languages they already knew to decode the hieroglyphics |
| Hieroglyphics | *Ancient Egyptian writing system (similar to cuneiform) |
| Re (Ra) | *Egyptian sun god *considered to be one of the most important gods |
| Ka | Someone’s spirit (similar concept to soul) |
| Irrigation | irrigation is a term that includes solutions/innovations for moving water from it’s source to where it’s wanted |
| shaduf | *irrigation ditch with bucket for collecting water |
| Natural barriers | physical features that provide protection *examples: deserts, seas, rivers, cataracts |
| Mummification | Preserve dead body - use embalming |
| Reading a timeline | *BC/BCE - looks like years moving in reverse order *AD/CE - years that count “forward”; We are currently in year 2017 CE. |
| Relative location | Where something is in relation to something else *Ex: Durham is North of Raleigh. |