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Chapter 12

Cardiac Cycle

TermDefinition
Systole Contraction of the heart muscles
Diastole Relaxation of the heart muscles
Phases of contraction Atrial systole, ventricular systole, and atrial and ventricular diastole
Lub The lub sound of the heart is caused by the closure of both AV valves (bicuspid/tricuspid), this occurs at the end of atrial systole.
Dup The dup sound of the heart is caused by the closure of both semilunar valves of the heart. This occurs at the end of ventricular systole.
HR (Heart Rate) The number of times the heart beats in a minute.
SV (Stroke Volume) The amount of blood pumped by a ventricle each time it contracts.
Cardiac output Cardiac output = Heart rate X stroke volume.
Cardioregulatory Center This part of the medulla oblongata, in the brain, controls how fast the heart beats. Parasympathetic signals caused the heart to slow down and sympathetic signals cause the heart rate to increase.
P Wave of ECG Depolarization (Systole) of the atria
QRS Complex of ECG The depolarization (Systole) of the ventricles. The atria are in diastole at this time but it is not seen on the ECG.
T Wave of ECG The repolarization (Diastole) of the ventricles.
Ateries Carry blood away from heart. (3 layers: tunica intima, tunica media, tunica externa)
Arterioles Small arteries that can constrict and relax to distribute blood flow.
Cappiliaries Microscopic blood vessels used for gas/solute exchange.
Veins Carry blood toward the heart.
Blood Pressure The force of blood against the walls of blood vessels.
Hypotension Low blood pressure
Hypertension High Blood Pressure
Created by: Mr.Klein
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