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Chapter 16

Excretory System

TermDefinition
Urea The primary nitrogenous waste produced by humans as a results of metabolism. Humans also excrete some ammonium, creatinine, and uric acid.
Urochrome A waste product that is formed when the liver breaks down hemoglobin. The hemoglobin is broken down into bilirubin, then into urochrome in the intestine. Urocrhome is the compound that makes urine yellow.
Function of Kidneys Preservation of water-salt balance, maintenance of blood pressure, maintenance of blood pH, and hormone secretion.
Kidneys Paired organs that are located in the lumbar region on either side of the vertebral column, responsible for osmoregulation. Each kidney has a ureter, renal artery, and a renal vein.
Renal artery The renal artery carries oxygenated/"dirty" blood from the heart to the kidneys.
Renal vein The renal vein carries deoxygenated/"clean" blood from the kidneys back to the heart.
Ureter The ureter carries the waste produced by the kidneys to the urinary bladder.
Urethera The urethra is the tube that allows for the excretion of liquid wastes from the bladder.
Renal cortex The renal cortex is the outer layer of the kidney.
Renal medulla The cone-shaped tissue masses found in the inner portion of the kidney. The cone-shaped tissues are often referred to as renal pyramids.
Renal pelvis The renal pelvis is the central space/cavity that is continuous with the ureter. The renal pelvis collects the wastes and directs them to the ureters.
Urea The primary nitrogenous waste produced by humans as a results of metabolism. Humans also excrete some ammonium, creatinine, and uric acid.
Urochrome A waste product that is formed when the liver breaks down hemoglobin. The hemoglobin is broken down into bilirubin, then into urochrome in the intestine. Urocrhome is the compound that makes urine yellow.
Function of Kidneys Preservation of water-salt balance, maintenance of blood pressure, maintenance of blood pH, and hormone secretion.
Kidneys Paired organs that are located in the lumbar region on either side of the vertebral column, responsible for osmoregulation. Each kidney has a ureter, renal artery, and a renal vein.
Renal artery The renal artery carries oxygenated/"dirty" blood from the heart to the kidneys.
Renal vein The renal vein carries deoxygenated/"clean" blood from the kidneys back to the heart.
Ureter The ureter carries the waste produced by the kidneys to the urinary bladder.
Urethera The urethra is the tube that allows for the excretion of liquid wastes from the bladder.
Renal cortex The renal cortex is the outer layer of the kidney.
Renal medulla The cone-shaped tissue masses found in the inner portion of the kidney. The cone-shaped tissues are often referred to as renal pyramids.
Renal pelvis The renal pelvis is the central space/cavity that is continuous with the ureter. The renal pelvis collects the wastes and directs them to the ureters.
Created by: Mr.Klein
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