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Chapter 11

Blood

TermDefinition
Formed Elements Part of blood that contains red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Makes up 45% of the blood volume
Hematocrit Part of the blood made up of only red blood cells.
Buffy coat Small part of the blood made up of white blood cells and platelets. 92% of plasma is water. Dissolves salts, sugars, and nutrients for cells.
Plasma Makes up the other 55% of blood volume and contains inorganic and organic molecules.
Functions of blood Transport: Blood carries molecules such as, oxygen, wastes (CO2), hormones. Defense: The blood contains white blood cells and is able to clot to prevent disease. Regulation: Blood helps regulate body temperature, salt content, and pH.
Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes) Small disc shaped cells that contain 200 million molecules of hemoglobin, a protein that carries oxygen. 4-6 million RBCs per millimeter cubed.
White Blood Cells (leukocytes) Larger cells that contain nuclei and help fight off diseases. 5,000-11,000 per millimeter cubed. Two types granular and agranular.
Hematopoesis The process of making formed elements (red blood cells).
Hemeglobin A protein found in red blood cells that allows the cells to cary oxygen.
Hemostasis The process used to heal damaged blood vessels such as a cut. Three steps: vascular spasm, platelet plug, and coagulation.
Thrombocytopenia A low platelet count in blood, which causes poor clotting. Caused by antibodies attacking platelets or the parent fragments of platelets are destroyed.
Hemophelia An inherited disorder where clotting factors are not efficient in clotting.
Thrombus A blood clot that results from excessive clotting and does not move.
Embolus A clot that forms due to excessive clotting, these clots dislodge and move through the blood.
Thromboemolism When large clots block and plug a blood vessel. If these occur in the brain, a stroke may occur. If the clots occur in the heart, heart attacks are likely.
Created by: Mr.Klein
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