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POLS 203-Ch. 13
Ch. 13 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Bureaucrats | an individual who works in a bureaucracy. As generally used, the term refers to a government employee. |
| Bureaucracy | A large, complex, hierarchically structured administrative organization that carries out specific functions. |
| Independent executive agency | a federal agency that is not located within a cabinet department. |
| Partisan politics | political actions or decisions that benefit a particular party. |
| Independent regulatory agency | a federal organization that is responsible for creating and implementing rules that regulate private activity and protect the public interest in a particular sector of the economy. |
| Government corporation | an agency of the government that is run as a business enterprise. Such agencies engage primarily in commercial activities, produce revenues, and require greater flexibility than most government agencies have. |
| Plum Book | because the eight thousand jobs it summarizes are known as “political plums.” |
| Civil service | Nonmilitary government employees. |
| Legislative rule | an administrative agency rule that carries the same weight as a statute enacted by a legislature. |
| Enabling legislation | a law enacted by a legislature to establish an administrative agency. Enabling legislation normally specifies the name, purpose, composition, and powers of the agency being created. |
| Adjudicate | to render a judicial decision. In administrative law, it is the process in which an administrative law judge hears and decides issues that arise when an agency charges a person or firm with violating a law or regulation enforced by the agency. |
| Rulemaking | the process undertaken by an administrative agency when formally proposing, evaluating, and adopting a new regulation. |
| Neutral competency | the application of technical skills to jobs without regard to political issues. |
| Iron Triangle | a three-way alliance among legislators, bureaucrats, and interest groups to make or preserve policies that benefit their respective interests. |
| Issue networks | Groups of individuals or organizations – which consist of legislators and legislative staff members, interest group leaders, bureaucrats, the media, scholars, and other experts – that support particular policy positions on a given issue. |
| Whistleblower | in the context of government employment, someone who “blows the whistle” (reports to authorities or the press) on gross governmental inefficiency, illegal action, or other wrongdoing. |
| Sunshine law | which require government meetings to be open to the public, have been enacted at all levels of American government. |
| Privatization | the transfer of the task of providing services traditionally provided by government to the private sector. |
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