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Anatomy
Anatomy exam II Blood and Nerve Supply ot GIT
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The _____ is a continuation of thoracic aorta; gives off 3 unpaired branches to the GIT | abdominal aorta |
| What are the 3 trunks of the abdominal aorta? | celiac, superior mesenteric artery, and inferior mesenteric artery |
| The ___ supplies stomach to major duodenal papilla | celiac trunk |
| The ____ supplies duodenum at the major duodenal papilla to proximal 2/3 of transverse colon | superior mesenteric artery |
| The ____ supplies distal 1/3 of transverse colon to the rectum | inferior mesentericc artery |
| What are the 3 branches of the celiac trunk? | left gastric, common hepatic and splenic |
| What are the 5 branches of the superior mesenteric artery? | 1. inferior pactreaticoduodenal 2. intestinal 3. ileocolic 4. right colic 5. middle colic |
| What are the 3 branches of the inferior mesenteric artery? | 1. left colic 2. sigmoid 3. superior rectal |
| The _____ drains blood from GIT, spleen, and pancreas into the liver | portal vein |
| The portal vein is formed by union of _____ and ___ veins | superior mesenteric and splenic veins |
| ____ may drain into splenic or portal vein | inferior mesenteric vein |
| The paraumbilical veins drain into _____ vein | portal |
| Anastomoses between branches of portal and systemic circulations become functional during ____ | portal hypertension |
| What are the 4 veins of the portocaval anastomoses? | 1. left gastric 2. superior rectal 3. paraumbilical 4. retroperitoneal |
| _____ is fresh bleeding from esophageal varices (enlarged esophageal vv. drain into the azygos veins due to the higher pressure in the left gastric v.) | hematemesis |
| ____ is an enlarged paraumbilical vv. which drain directly into the portal v. dump portal blood into the superficial veins of the anterior abdominal wall, specifically the superficial epigastric veins | caput medusa |
| A _____ is fresh bleeding from hemorrhoids (enlarged inferior and middle rectal vv. which anastomose with the superior rectal v., a direct continuation of the inf. mesenteric v.) | hematochezia |
| ____ is an enlarged spleen from blood in splenic v. | splenomegaly |
| _____ _____ _____ is Blockage of the portal vein such as a tumor of the head of the pancreas compressing the portal vein, portal vein thrombosis, portal vein stenosis | pre-hepatic portal hypertension |
| ____ ____ _____ is a hepatic disease with increased fibrosis blocking flow through the liver sinusoids, such as cirrhosis of the liver, schistosomiasis (developing countries), thrombosis of hepatic veins | hepatic portal hypertension |
| ____ ____ ____ is an Increase pressure in the IVC such as from congestive heart failure affecting the right heart, tricuspid regurgitation, IVC obstruction, constrictive pericarditis | post-hepatic portal hyperension |
| What is the sympathetic nerve that innervates the forgut? | greater thoracic splanchnic nn |
| What are the 2 sympathetic nerves that innervate the midgut? | lesser thoracic splanchnic nn and least thoracic splanchnic nn |
| What is the sympathetic nerve that innervates the hindgut? | lumbar splanchnic nn |
| What is the parasympathetic nerve that innervates the forgut and the midgut? | vagus nn |
| What is the parasympathetic nerve that innervates the hindgut? | pelvic splanchnic nn |
| sympathetic nerves off of the spinal cord have _____ outflow; cell bodies in the IML cell column; pass through without synapsing in the sympathetic ganglia; come out as _____ | thoracolumbar; splanchnic nerves |
| The _____ ____ ____ are the thoracic splanchnic nn. that pierce the right crus of the diaphragm to enter the abdomen | preganglionic sympathetic fibers |
| The ____ ____ ____ reach the viscera via mesentaries | postganglionic sympathetic fibers |
| Parasympathetic nerves from the spinal cord have _____ outflow | craniosacral |
| The ____ ____ ____ enter the abdomen thru the esophageal hiatus | preganglionic parasympathetic fibers |
| The ____ ____ ____ are very short; in the wall of GIT | postganglionic parasympathetic nerves |
Created by:
luckynikki
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