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Chapter 21
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is the significance of England's defeat of the Armada? | It ended Spain's domination of the Atlantic |
What impact did the French religious wars have on French thinkers? | It turned the French thinkers toward skeptism |
Why did absolute monarchs believe that they were justified in exercising absolute power? | Because they believed in divine right - God created monarchy and monarch acted as God's representative |
What role did religion play in the struggle between the Spanish and the Dutch? | The Spanish were strict practicing Catholics while the Dutch practiced religious toleration. |
How did the lack of a middle class contribute to the decline of Spain’s economy? | There were a few business people to stimulate economic growth at home or to promote trade abroad |
What does the art described in section one reveal about the cultures of Spain and the Netherlands? | Spain's great wealth allowed monarchs and nobles to become patrons of artists. The Dutch also enjoyed a great love of the arts with many of the best artists in Europe living there. |
Why did the Dutch revolt against Spain? | Philip raised taxes and took steps to crush Protestantism. They revolted and to punish them Philip executed 1,500 Protestants. They continued to fight. |
How did Jean Baptiste Colbert intend to stimulate economic growth in France? | He intended to stimulate economic growth in France with mercantilism policies to make France self-sufficient. |
What was the result of the War of the Spanish Succession? | France and Spain were not allowed to unite; Britain gained Gibraltar; Austrian Hapsburg took Spanish Netherlands. |
Many historians think of Louis XIV as the perfect example of an absolute monarch. Do you agree? | I agree because he controlled the economy, regulated worship, weakened the nobility, and built a magnificent palace to show his power. |
How did the policies of Colbert and Louis XIV affect the French economy? Explain both positive and negative results. | Helped/Positive- Built up and protected French industries Hurt/Negative- drove out the Huguenots and overspent on buildings and wars |
To what extent did anti-Protestantism contribute to Louis's downfall? | Cancelling the Edict of Nantes cost France many skilled workers, and wars against Protestant countries damaged the French economy. |