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Anatomy -skeleton
Chapter 5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| anklo/o | bent, crooked |
| arthr/o | joint |
| burs/o | sac |
| carp/o | wrist |
| chondr/o | cartilage |
| condyl/o | condyle |
| cost/o | rib |
| crani/o | head/ skull |
| femor/o | femur, bone of the thigh |
| fibul/o | fibula, lateral bone of the lower leg |
| humer/o | humerus, hone of the upper arm |
| ili/o | ilium, bone of the hip |
| ischi/o | ischium, bone of the hip |
| lumb/o | lower back |
| maxill/o | maxilla , upper jaw |
| myel/o | bone marrow, spinal cord |
| orth/o | straight |
| oste/o | bone |
| patell/o | patella, knee cap |
| phalang/o | phalanges, bones of the fingers and toes |
| pub/o | pubis, bone of the hip |
| stern/o | sternum, breastbone |
| synov/i | synovial fluid, joint or membrane |
| tars/o | tarsals, foot |
| tibi/o | tibia, medial hone of the lower leg |
| axial skeleton | consists of the bones of the head, neck and trunk |
| Appendicular skeleton | includes the bones of the arms, legs and girdles |
| Long Bones | A bone is considered a _________ bone if it is longer than it is wide and it has chubby ends. examples are finer bone, thigh bone, Tibia and Fibia |
| Short Bones | not longer than they are wide. They are often cube shaped. Examples are wrist bones |
| Flat Bones | They are just that - flat. They are like sheets of molded clay. Examples are sternum and cranial bones |
| irregular Bones | Have processes, spines, and ridges that stick out and serve as attachments points for tendons and ligaments |
| Sesamoid Bones | Look like sesame seeds . They grow on tendons where there is a lot of friction. |
| Foramina or foramen | Holes or openings in the skull. They allow passage of blood vessels and nerves |
| Foramen Magnum | The occipital bone contains a large opening called ________, which allows the spinal cord to exit the cranial cavity. |
| external occipital protuberance | Located on the occipital bone's posterior surface. It is typically larger in males and is an attachment point for a tendon to connect muscle to the bone. |
| ethmoid and sphenoid | irregular bones that make up the majority of the cranial cavity floor. |
| cribiform | The ethmoid bone includes a structure called the ______ plate. This plate consists of two depressions in the cranial cavity's anterior floor. Has many wholes for nerve endings to pass through |
| Sella Turcica | formed by the sphenoid bone , this bone houses the pituitary gland and is in a shape of a saddle. |
| conchae | The ethmoid bone forms long bony ridges called _________. in the nasal cavity. |
| List the spinal column bones | 7 cervical bones, 12 thoracic bones, 5 lumbar bones, 1 sacrum and 1 coccyx |
| List the facial bones | nasal, lacrimal, zygomatic, inferior nasal concha, maxilla, palatine, mandible, vomer. |
| List the cranial Bones | frontal, occipital, temporal,parietal, ethmoid and sphenoid |
| Sphenoid Bone | Forms part of the cranial floor. Lateral posterior portion of eye orbits. Lateral portion of cranium anterior to temporal bones. |
| Ethmoid bone | Anterior portion of the cranium, including medial surface of the eye orbit and roof of nasal cavity. |
| Temporomandibular Joint | Where the mandible and temporal bone are joined. |
| Maxillae | Form upper jaw, anterior portion of hard palate, part of lateral walls of nasal cavity and floors the eye orbits. |
| saccrum | There is only one. Attached at the end of the lumbar vertabras. Five fused sacral bones. Forms posterior wall of pelvic girdle |
| Coccyx | tail bone. Three to five fused rudimentary vertebrae |
| Palatine bones | Form posterior portions of hard palate, lateral wall of nasal cavity |
| zygomatic bones | cheek bones. Also form floor and lateral wall of each eye orbit |
| lacrimal bones | medial surfaces of eye orbits |
| Nasal bones | Form bridge of the nose |
| vomer | In midline of nasal cavity. Forms nasal septum with the ethmoid bone |
| Inferior nasal conchae | attached to lateral walls of nasal cavity |
| mandible | lower jawbone. Only movable skull bone. |
| Intervertebral Disks | shock absorbers |
| Four Curvatures | Cervical Curvature, Thoracic Curvature, Lumbar Curvature and Sacral Curvature |
| Scoliosis | abnormal spinal curvature with a lateral curve |
| Kyphosis | abnormal spinal curvature: hunchback |
| Lordosis | abnormal spinal curvature: Swayback |
| Herniated Disk | Herniation with soft matrix oozing out. Places pressure on the spinal cord or spinal nerves. Can cause severe pain |
| Cervical Vertebrae | Support neck |
| Atlas: Cervical Vertebra 1 | Articulates occipital condyles of occipital bone. Supports head |
| Axis: Cervical Vertebra 2 | possesses the odontoid process (Dens) . Serves as a pivot point for atlas |
| Thoracic Vertebrae | Larger vertebra with longer spinous process then cervical vertebrae |
| Ribs | Articulate on the facets of the transverse processes and bodies |
| Lumbar Vertebrae | Heavy, thick bodies to support greater stress and weight. Larger processes for attachment of back muscles |
Created by:
kphillips3
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