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Behavioral Neuro

Ch.2 Activation of receptors and postsynaptic potentials

termFunctions
postsynaptic receptors molecules of a neurotransmitter produce depolarization or hyperpolarization by diffusing across the synaptic cleft and attaching to binding sites of special protein molecules located in the post synaptic membrane
neurotransmitter-dependent ion channels permit the passage of specific ions into or out of the cell
ionotropic receptor a molecule of the appropriate neurotransmitter attaches to it, the ion channel opens
metabotropic receptor neurotransmitters bind with the receptor and activates a G protein which activates an enzyme that stimulates the production of a chemical called a second messenger which travels through the cytoplasm and attach themselves to nearby ion channel an open
second messenger activated by an enzyme to cause ion channels to open.
four types of ion channels sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium
excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) when sodium channels open and result in depolarization
inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) when potassium channels open, some of the cations will follow this gradient and leave the cell. Because potassium is positively charged its effllux will hyperpolarize the membrane
chloride channels the opening of these channels serves to neutralize EPSP's
calcium channel depolarizes the membrane producing EPSP's, but calcium released into the terminal button and triggers the migration of the synaptic vesicles and the release of the neurotransmitter.
calcium in dendrites in the postsynaptic cell activates special enzymes
reuptake the process is an extremely rapid removal of neurotransmitter from the synaptic cleft by the terminal button
enzymatic deactivation accomplished by an enzyme that destroys molecules of the neurotransmitter. potentials are terminated this way for acetycholine (ACh) and for neurotransmitters that consist of peptide molecules
Created by: Dalea
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