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Chapter 7

The Muscular System 7.1-7.3

TermDefinition
Skeletal Muscles Muscles that are cylindrical, have many nuclei, alternating light and dark bands. The muscles attach directly to the skeleton or skin. Voluntarily controlled.
Cardiac Muscle Muscles of the heart. Striated and cylindrical with one to two nuclei. These muscles are branched and have intercalated disks. Involuntarily controlled.
Smooth Muscle Located within body organs. Spindle shaped cells that are narrow and have one nucleus. Involuntarily controlled.
Endomysium A layer of loose connective tissue that surrounds each muscle fiber.
Fascicle A group of muscle fibers bundled together.
Perimysium The connective covering surrounding fascicles.
Epimysium The outermost connective tissue layer that surrounds the entire muscle.
Tendon An accumulation of collagen fibers that attach a muscle to a bone.
Sarcolemma The plasma membrane of a muscle fiber.
Sarcoplasm The cytoplasm of a muscle fiber.
Sarcoplasmic reticulum The endoplasmic reticulum of a muscle fiber.
T Tubules Conduct impulses for a muscle cell that reach from the sarcolemma to the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Myofibrils Bundles of myofiliaments. Myofibrils are the part of the muscle that contract.
Myoglobin A protein and pigment that acts as oxygen storage molecule.
Sarcomeres Repeating units found found within a muscle, made up of Z lines, A bands, H zones, and I bands.
Z Lines Two dark vertical lines that mark the ends of a sarcomere.
I Band A region of thin filaments at the ends of a sarcomere that attach to the Z Line.
A Bands Regions of thick and thin filaments
H Zone A region in the center of A bands that only contain myosin.
Thick Filaments A filament made up of only myosin and is part of the A Band and H Zone.
Thin Filaments Made up of three proteins: Actin, tropomyosin, and troponin.
Created by: Mr.Klein
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