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A&P 2
Preparation to final Part 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Human receptors are classified into the types: A) sensory and motor receptors B) photoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, chemoreceptors, and thermoreceptors C) Pacinian, Meissner, and Ruffini receptors D) central, peripheral and sympathetic receptors E) mechanical, electrical and gravitational | photoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, chemoreceptors, and thermoreceptors |
| Pain receptors are a type of mechanoreceptor. A) True B) False | False |
| Proprioreceptors respond to the stretching of muscles and are a type of mechanoreceptors. A) True B) False | True |
| The eye contains ______. A) mechanoreceptors B) photoreceptors C) chemoreceptors D) proprioceptors | photoreceptors |
| The nose and taste buds contain _____. A) mechanoreceptors B) photoreceptors . C) chemoreceptors D) proprioceptors | chemoreceptors |
| The ear contains ______. A) mechanoreceptors B) photoreceptors C) chemoreceptors D) proprioceptors E) no receptors | mechanoreceptors |
| ______ occurs when a receptor becomes so accustomed to the stimulation that it stops generating impulses. A) Olfaction B) Sensory accommodation C) Sensory adaptation D) Sensory amplification E) Sensory exhaustion | Sensory adaptation |
| The special sense organs include ________ . A) taste buds B) nose C) eye and ear D) semicircular canals E) all of the above | all of the above |
| Golgi tendon organs play a role in ______. A) sight B) taste C) stretch detection D) adaptation | adaptation |
| The sense of knowing the position of the limbs is called ______. A) proprioception B) adaptation C) reflex D) isolation E) stasis | proprioception |
| Skin contains receptors for ____________. A) touch B) pressure C) pain D) temperature E) all of the above | all of the above |
| Receptors for a particular sensation, such as touch, are spread evenly throughout the skin surface. A) True B) False | False |
| The sense of fine touch is due to ___________. A) Pacinian corpuscles B) Meissner corpuscles and Merkel disks C) end-bulbs of Krause D) Ruffini end organs E) all of the above | Meissner corpuscles and Merkel disks |
| Pain receptors ______________. A) are highly specialized nerve endings B) are free nerve endings C) have unique neurotransmitters and neuron paths D) are perceived independently from the brain E) all of the above are true | are free nerve endings |
| Taste and smell are called the ______ senses. A) physical B) variable C) chemical D) gradient E) least critical | chemical |
| Taste buds are located primarily on the ______. A) upper palate B) tongue C) gums D) turbinates of the nose E) uvula | tongue |
| Taste buds are pockets of cells that ____________. A) lie flat on the surface of the tongue epithelium B) extend through tongue epithelium and open at a taste pore C) lie along the walls of papillae D) lack microvilli E) all of the above | lie along the walls of papillae |
| Taste buds are embedded in tongue epithelium and open at ______. A) papillae B) taste pores C) bitter, sweet, sour or salty receptors D) microvilli E) pseudopodia | taste pores |
| The _________ bear receptor proteins for certain molecules; when molecules bind to these receptor proteins, nerve impulses are generated in associated sensory nerve fibers that are interpreted in the brain as tastes. A) Pacinian corpuscles B) thermoreceptors C) taste pores D) papillae E) microvilli | microvilli |
| The types of tastes are ____________. A) hot, bland, sweet and sour B) gradations between sweet and bitter C) bitter, sour, sweet and salty D) all actually types of smell | bitter, sour, sweet and salty |
| The sense of smell is dependent on ______ cells. A) optic B) auditory C) olfactory D) proprioceptor E) odiferous | olfactory |
| There are many different types of olfactory cells and the smell we perceive depends upon the combination of olfactory cells that are stimulated. A) True B) False | True |
| Taste cells and olfactory cells work together to give a combined sense of taste and smell. A) True B) False | True |
| The layers of the eyeball are ________. A) the sclera B) the choroid C) the retina D) all of the above | all of the above |
| The sclera __________. A) refracts light rays B) regulates light entrance C) makes color vision possible D) protects the eyeball as a fibrous border E) detects black and white | protects the eyeball as a fibrous border |
| The choroid __________. A) refracts light rays B) absorbs stray light rays C) transmits impulses to the brain D) makes color vision possible | absorbs stray light rays |
| The ciliary body controls the lens shape for near and far vision. A) True B) False | True |
| The iris __________. A) regulates light entrance through the pupil B) refracts light rays C) absorbs stray light rays D) contains receptors for sight | regulates light entrance through the pupil |
| The posterior cavity of the eye behind the lens is filled with a viscous material called the _________ humor. A) aqueous B) vitreous C) optic D) sensa | vitreous |
| The anterior cavity between the cornea and the lens is filled with an alkaline, watery solution called the ______ humor. A) aqueous B) vitreous C) optic D) sensa | aqueous |
| When a person has ______, drainage ducts are blocked, and aqueous humor builds up. A) cataracts B) astigmatism C) glaucoma D) fovea centralis | glaucoma |
| The buildup of aqueous humor due to glaucoma causes blindness by backing up and covering the lens of the eye. A) True B) False | False |
| The sense receptor(s) for vision are the _____________. A) retinocytes B) rods and cones C) optic nerves D) optometric fovea | rods and cones |
| The retina contains the ___________. A) bipolar cells B) ganglionic cells C) rods and cones D) all of the above | all of the above |
| The ganglionic cells have axons that become the ______ nerve. A) optic B) auditory C) olfactory D) proprioceptor E) odiferous | optic |
| The bipolar cells contain light-sensitive pigments. A) True B) False | False |
| In sight, a nerve impulse travels from the ____________. A) ganglionic cells to bipolar cells to rods and cones B) rods and cones to bipolar cells to ganglionic cells C) bipolar cells to rods and cones to ganglionic cells D) rods and cones to ganglionic cells to bipolar cells | rods and cones to bipolar cells to ganglionic cells |
| When the optic nerve exits the back of the eye, the ______ is/are formed. A) bipolar cells B) fovea centralis C) optic nerve D) blind spot | blind spot |
| There are many more ganglionic cells than rods and cones. A) True B) False | False |
| There are no rods or cones where the optic nerve passes through the retina; therefore this is a spot where vision is weaker. A) True B) False | False |
| The retina contains an oval, yellowish area with a depression in which there are only cones called the __________. A) optic nerve B) fovea centralis C) pupil D) choroid | fovea centralis |
| The fovea centralis is responsible for ___________. A) glaucoma B) accommodation C) blindness D) acute vision | acute vision |
| Only the __________ contains receptors for vision. A) fovea centralis B) blind spot C) retina D) ganglionic cell layer | retina |
| When we look at an object, an image of the object is focused on the ______. A) optic nerve B) fovea centralis C) pupil D) choroid This is the correct answer. E) retina | choroid |
| To view distant objects, the lens ____________. A) flattens B) rounds up C) enlarges D) constricts | flattens |
| The shape of the lens is controlled by the ______ muscle. A) optic B) fovea centralis C) pupillary D) ciliary E) musculolensmatic | ciliary |
| Close work may result in eyestrain because of constant ______ of the ciliary muscle. A) transmission B) contraction C) astigmatism D) focusing | contraction |
| With aging, the lens loses some of its elasticity and is unable to _____________. A) accommodate B) relay nerve impulses C) correct D) remain transparent | accommodate |
| At present, surgery is the only viable treatment for cataracts of the eye. A) True B) False | True |
| The image formed on the retina is inverted. A) True B) False | True |
| Rods ___________. A) detect color B) are more numerous but many share the same ganglionic cell, making the image blurred C) do not contain rhodopsin found only in cones D) are equal in density with cones E) build a receptive field evenly so the more rods stimulated, the stronger the visual image | are more numerous but many share the same ganglionic cell, making the image blurred |
| Rhodopsin contains _________. A) opsin and retinal B) vitamin A and ATP C) red, blue and green pigments D) lightwaves | opsin and retinal |
| Cones ____________. A) are located primarily in the fovea centralis B) contain variations on the retinal and opsin molecules C) detect fine detail and color D) all of the above | all of the above |
| Color vision has been shown to depend on the three kinds of cones that contain pigments sensitive to _____________ light. A) red, white and blue B) yellow, green and red C) violet, orange and pink D) black, white and colored E) blue, green, and red | blue, green, and red |
| Persons who can see close objects, but cannot see distant objects clearly, are said to _____________. A) be nearsighted B) be farsighted C) have astigmatism D) have cataracts | be nearsighted |
| When the cornea or lens is uneven, and light rays cannot be evenly focused on the retina, causing a fuzzy image to form, the person is said to ______________. A) be nearsighted B) be farsighted C) have astigmatism D) have cataracts | have astigmatism |
| The ear functions for ___________. A) balance (equilibrium) B) hearing C) both balance (equilibrium) and hearing | both balance (equilibrium) and hearing |
| The receptors for hearing and equilibrium are located in the _________ ear. A) inner B) outer C) middle | inner |
| The ear has _______________. A) four divisions: outer, medial, maximal and auditory B) four divisions: males, incus, stapes and cochlear C) three divisions: outer, middle and inner D) two divisions: outer and inner | three divisions: outer, middle and inner |
| The auditory canal in the ear is lined with fine hairs and sweat glands that secrete _________. A) aqueous humor B) earwax C) cochlear fluid D) Eustachian fluid | earwax |
| The bony wall found at the end of the middle ear has ____________. A) the three ossicles: malleus, incus and stapes B) tympanic membrane C) an oval window and a round window D) no openings but is solid | an oval window and a round window |
| The small bones located in the middle ear, known collectively as the ossicles, include: A) tympanum, oval and round windows. B) pinna, vestibule and Eustachian. C) malleus, incus, and stapes. D) ossicles I, II and III. | malleus, incus, and stapes. |
| Chewing gum, yawning, and swallowing in elevators and airplanes help to move air through the ______ tubes, which equalizes air pressure upon ascent and descent. A) optic B) tympanic C) cochlear D) auditory (Eustachian) | auditory (Eustachian) |
| The outer ear and middle ear contain air, and the inner ear is filled with fluid. A) True B) False | True |
| The inner ear is divided into _____________. A) two areas, the semicircular and fully circular canals B) three areas: the semicircular canals, the vestibule and the cochlea C) four areas: ampulla, utricle, saccule, and organ of Corti D) five areas: three semicircular canals and the utricle and saccule | three areas: the semicircular canals, the vestibule and the cochlea |
| The base of each of the three semicircular canals in the ear is called the ______. A) Eustachian B) ampulla C) spiral organ (organ of Corti) D) otolith | ampulla |
| In the ear, the utricle and the saccule are located in the ______. A) Eustachian tube B) semicircular canal C) spiral organ (organ of Corti) D) vestibule | semicircular canal |
| In the ear, hair cells with cilia are found in the utricle and the saccule. A) True B) False | True |
| The canals contained in the spiral-shaped tubular cochlea include _____________. A) the vestibular, cochlear, and tympanic canals B) the utricle and saccule C) all branches of the organ of Corti D) the eustachian canal and the eerie canal | the vestibular, cochlear, and tympanic canals |
| In the ear, the ___________ membrane forms the lower wall of the cochlear canal. A) semicircular B) tectorial C) tympanic D) basilar | basilar |
| In the ear, the hair cells of the cochlear canal plus the tectorial membrane are called the __________. A) Eustachian tube B) semicircular canal C) spiral organ (organ of Corti) D) vestibule | spiral organ (organ of Corti) |
| The function of the organ of Corti in the ear is to ___________. A) protect the eardrum B) send nerve impulses to the cerebrum C) direct sound waves to the tympanic membrane D) balance air pressure on both sides of the tympanum | send nerve impulses to the cerebrum |
| The difference in a low pitch and a high pitch sound is in the _______. A) intensity of the stimulus B) amplitude of sound waves C) region of the basilar membrane that is vibrated D) person's learning experience | region of the basilar membrane that is vibrated |
| The sense of balance includes ___________ equilibrium. A) horizontal and vertical B) auditory C) dynamic and static D) amplitude and pitch | dynamic and static |
| ___________ equilibrium is required when the body is moving. A) Horizontal B) Vertical C) Dynamic D) Static | Dynamic |
| In the ear, when the cilia of the hair cells bend, nerve impulses travel to the oval window. A) True B) False | False |
| One form of motion sickness results because of continuous movement of __________ in the ear. A) fluid in the semicircular canals B) otoliths in the utricle and saccule C) gelatinous material in the ampullae D) air in the eustachian tube | fluid in the semicircular canals |
| Movement of the otoliths within the utricle and the saccule is important for static equilibrium in the ear. A) True B) False | True |
| The process of hearing begins when sound waves enter the ___________. A) auditory canal B) middle ear C) inner ear D) cochlea E) Eustachian tube | auditory canal |
| In the cochlea, the pressure waves move from the vestibular canal to the round window to the tympanic canal. A) True B) False | False |
| Each part of the organ of Corti is sensitive to different wave frequencies, or ______. A) intensity B) tone C) pitch D) quality | pitch |
| Loud noises cause the fluid of the cochlea to vibrate ___________. A) to a lesser degree B) to a greater degree C) there is no effect on degree of vibration | to a greater degree |
| Increased stimulation of the basilar membrane is interpreted by the brain as volume. A) True B) False | True |
| Older people are more likely than young persons to have trouble hearing. A) True B) False | True |
Created by:
bklana52
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