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Chapter 5
Integumentary System 5.1-5.2
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Two layers of the skin | Epidermis and dermis |
Hypodermis | They layer of tissue found beneath the skin. |
Epidermis | The thin outer layer of the skin. |
Keratinocytes | Produce keratin for waterproofing the skin. Found in the stratum basale. |
Langerhans cells | These cells are a type of white blood cell that aid in immunity and signaling the immune system. |
Melanocytes | A special cell that produces melanin. Melanin is the pigment that gives skin its color. |
Tactile cells (Merkel Cells) | These cells signal that something has touched the skin. |
Dermis | The dermis is a deep and thick region of the skin. The dermis contains collagen and elastic fibers that give skin its strength and ability to stretch. |
Hypodermis | This deep layer that lies beneath the skin is made of loose connective tissue, mostly fat, and this gives the body an energy supply, padding, and some degree of insulation. |
Hair Follicle | The region that a hair projects from. |
Hair Matrix | A constantly dividing region of cells that produces new keratinocytes to form new hair. |
Alopecia | Hair loss |
Arrector pili | A muscle found within the skin that causes hairs to stand up when someone is scared or cold. "Goose bumps" |
Apocrine Glands | These are a type of sweat gland that open to hairs in certain body regions including the groin and armpits. |
Eccrine Glands | A type of sweat gland that opens to the skin and secretes fluid when you are hot. Think "exercise=eccrine" |
Ceruminous Glands | Glands found in the ear that produce cerumen (earwax). |
Sebaceous Glands | These are glands that are associated with hairs. |
Sebum | An oily substance that lubricates and softens both skin and hair. Sebum also kills some bacteria. |
Acne Vulgaris | Inflammation of sebaceous glands. |
Mammary Glands | Modified apocrine sweat glands that produce milk, but only after childbirth. |