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Chapter 17 prt 1
Chapter 17 Review Questions part 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A patient comes to the radiology department for a small bowel series. However, because of a stroke, the patient is unable to swallow the contrast media. What type of study should be performed for this patient? | Enteroclysis |
| A radiograph of the RAO position reveals that the duodenal bulb and C loop are not in profile. The technologist had rotated the patient 50 degrees. What modification of the position is required during the repeat exposure? | Reduce patient rotation to less than 40 degrees on an asthenic patient. |
| The lateral margin of the stomach is called the lesser curvature. | False |
| Which of the structures below create the “romance of the abdomen”? 1. esophagus 2. stomach 3. duodenum 4. pancreas | 3 and 4 |
| Barium sulfate never dissolves in water. | True |
| upper GI is not labeled correctly, and the technologist is unsure which position was performed. The radiograph demonstrates air in the fundus and barium in the body and pylorus and duodenal bulb in profile. Which position was performed? | RAO |
| A large outpouching of the upper esophagus is termed | Zenker’s diverticulum |
| Which of the following shielding devices best reduces exposure to the hip area of the fluoroscopist? | Bucky shield |
| During an esophagrm, the radiologist remarks that Schatzke’s ring is present. Which condition or disease process is indicated by the presence of this radiographic sign? | hiatal hernia |
| The numerous mucosal folds found in the small bowel are called rugae. | False |
| Which upper GI position will best demonstrate a possible gastric diverticulum in the posterior wall of the fundus of the stomach? | Right Lateral |
| Water-soluble contrast agents pass through the gastrointestinal tract faster than barium sulfate. | True |
| During an esophagram, the radiologist asks the patient to try to bear down as if having a bowel movement. Why did the radiologist make this request? | Looking for reflux of barium from stomach into espophagus |
| A patient comes to radiology with a clinical history of Barrett’s esophagus. In addition to an exophagrm, what other imaging modality is ideal in demonstrating this condition? | Nuclear Medicine |
| A phytobezoar is: | Trapped vegetable fiber in the stomach |
| A radiograph of an RAO projection taken during an esophagram demonstrates incomplete filling of the esophagus with barium. What can the technologist do to ensure better filling of the esophagus during the repeat exposure? | Have the patient drink medium-weight barium continuously for the repeat exposure |
| Which portion of the small intestine is located primarily to the left of the midline? | Jejunum |
| A radiograph of an RAO position taken during an esophagrm reveals that the esophagus is superimposed over the vertebral column. What positioning error led to this radiographic outcome? | Underrotation of the body into the RAO |
| Double-contrast upper GI demonstrates that the fundus is barium-filled and that the duodenal bulb is air-filled. This was either an AP or PA radiograph, which needs to be repeated. Which specific position does this radiograph represent? | AP |
| Which of the cardinal principles of radiation protection is most effective in reducing exposure to the technologist during fluoroscopy? | Distance |
| Entrance and exit controlled by what muscles in the stomach Cardiac orifice? Pyloric orifice? | Sphincters cardiac sphincter pyloric sphincter |
| Average emptying time for stomach and average transit time to ileocecal valve is | 2 to 3 hours |
| Which adheres better to esophageal mucosa Iodinated solution or Barium Sulfate | Barium sulfate |
| Single vs Double contrast | Single: Thin barium or water soluble, iodinated Double: Thick barium and carbon dioxide crystals |
| What are projection for esophagus | Ap or Pa, obliques and Lateral |
| Where is CR centered for AP or PA esophagus | Enters MSP at the level of T5-T6 |
| Why is RAO recommended for AP or PA oblique esophagus | Because of wider space between heart and spine |
| What includes in Upper GI series | KUB, Fluoroscopic and serial radiographic studies of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum using ingested contrast |
| What views are used for Stomach and Duodenum | PA, PA oblique (RAO), Lateral, AP, AP oblique (LPO) |
| Where is CR centered for PA stomach and duodenum | Perpendicular, centered 2 inches above lower rib margin, midway between spine and left lateral border of body |
| Where is CR centered for PA oblique stomach and duodenum | Perpendicular, centered 2 inches above lower rib margin, and 1 inch left of mid-line |
| Where is CR centered for Lateral stomach and duodenum | Perpendicular, centered at lower lateral rib margin, and 1 to 1 ½ inches anterior to mid-coronal plane |
| 3 portions of small intestine | Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum |
| What projections needed form Small intestine | AP and/or PA |
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