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chap 11

Diagnostic, Symptomatic, and Related Terms

TermDefinition
anuria Absence of urine production or urinary output
azotemia Retention of excessive amounts of nitrogenous compounds (urea, creatinine, and uric acid) in the blood; also called uremia
bladder neck obstruction (BNO) Blockage at base of the bladder that reduces or prevents urine from passing into the urethra
chronic renal failure Renal failure that occurs over a period of years, in which the kidneys lose their ability to maintain volume and composition of body fluids with normal dietary intake
dysuria Painful or difficult urination, commonly described as a “burning sensation” while urinating
end-stage renal disease (ESRD) Condition in which kidney function is permanently lost
enuresis Involuntary discharge of urine; also called incontinence
fistula Abnormal passage from a hollow organ to the surface or from one organ to another
frequency Voiding urine at frequent intervals
hesitancy Involuntary delay in initiating urination
hydronephrosis Abnormal dilation of the renal pelvis and the calyces of one or both kidneys due to pressure from accumulated urine that cannot flow past an obstruction in the urinary tract
nephrotic syndrome Loss of large amounts of plasma protein, usually albumin by way of urine due to increased permeability of the glomerular membrane
nocturia Excessive or frequent urination after going to bed
oliguria Diminished capacity to form and pass urine, resulting in inefficient excretion of the end products of metabolism
polycystic kidney disease (PKD) Inherited disease in which sacs of fluid called cysts develop in the kidneys
urgency Feeling of the need to void immediately
vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) Disorder caused by the failure of urine to pass through the ureters to the bladder, usually due to impairment of the valve between the ureter and bladder or obstruction in the ureter
Wilms tumor Rapidly developing malignant neoplasm of the kidney that usually occurs in children
Created by: Esuvill0
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