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Genitourinary
Question | Answer |
---|---|
cortex | Outer layer of an organ or body structure |
electrolytes | Mineral salts (potassium, calcium, sodium) that carry an electric charge in solution. |
EPO erythropoietin | Glycoprotein hormone produced by certain cells in the kidney. |
libido | Sexual desire or drive , either conscious or unconscious. |
meatus | An opening or passage through any part of the body. |
medulla | Inner or central portion of an organ. |
micturition | The discharge of urine; urination. |
nitrogenous wastes | Products of cellular metabolism that contain nitrogen. |
orifice | Opening, entrance or outlet of any body caviety. |
percutaneous | Procedure preformed through the skin; as in a biopsy. |
reflux | Backward or return flow of a fluid |
urea | Nitrogenous end product of protein metabolism excreted in urine and perspiration. |
cyst/o | bladder |
vesic/o | bladder |
glomerul/o | glomerulus |
lith/o | stone, calculus |
meat/o | opening, meatus |
nephr/o | kidney |
ren/o | kidney |
peritone/o | peritoneum |
pyel/o | renal pelvis |
ur/o | urine |
ureter/o | ureter |
urethr/o | urethra |
andr/o | male |
balan/o | glans penis |
epididym/o | epididymis |
orch/o,orchi/o, orchid/o, test/o | testis |
prostat/o | prostate gland |
spermat/o, sperm/o | spermatozoa, sperm cells |
vas/o | vas deferens; duct |
varic/o | dilated vein |
vesicul/o | seminal vesicle |
albumin/o | albumin, protein |
azot/o | nitrogenous compounds |
bacteri/o | bacteria |
crypt/o | hidden |
gonad/o | gonads, sex glands |
kali/o | potassium |
keton/o | ketone bodies |
noct/o | night |
olig/o | scanty |
py/o | pus |
-cide | killing |
-genesis | forming, producing, origin |
-iasis | abnormal condition- produced by something specified |
-ism | condition |
-spadias | slit, fissure |
-urea | urine |
dia- | through, across |
retro- | backward, behind |
anuria | Absence of urine production or urine output. |
azotemia | Retention of excessive amts. of nitrogenus compounds(urea,creatine,uric acid)in the blood. |
CRF chronic renal failure | Renal failure that occurs over a period of years, in which the kidneys lose their ability to maintain volume and composition of body fluids w/ normal dietary intake. |
dysuria | painful or difficult urination. |
enuresis | Involuntary discharge of urine. |
fistula | Abnormal passage from a hollow organ to the surface or from one organ to another. |
frequency | Voiding at frequent intervals. |
hesitancy | Involuntary delay in initiating urination. |
nephrotic syndrome | Loss of large amounts of plasma protein, usually albumin, by way of urine, due to increased permeability of the glomular membrane. |
nocturia | Excessive or frequent urination after going to bed. |
oliguria | Diminished capacity to form and pass urine so that the end products of metabloism cannot be excreted efficiently. |
urgency | Feeling the need to void immediately. |
urolithiasis | Presence of stones in any urinary structure. |
Wilms tumor | Rapidly developing malignant neoplasm of the kidneys that usually occurs in children. |
anorchidism | Congential absence of one or both testes. |
aspermia | Failure to form or ejaculate semen. |
balanitis | Inflamation of the skin covering the glans penis. |
epispadias | Malformation in which the urethra opens on the dorsum of the penis. |
erectile dysfunction | Repeated inability to get or keep an erection firm enough for sexual intercourse. |
hydrocele | Accumulation of serous fluid in a saclike cavity. |
hypospadias | Developmental anomaly in which the urethra opens on the underside of the penis. |
phimosis | Stenosis of preputial orifice so that the foreskin cannot be retracted over the glans penis. |
sterility | Inability to produce offspring |
varicocele | Swelling and distention of veins of the spermatic cord. |
DRE Digital rectal exam | Screening test that assusses the rectal wall surface for lesions or abnormally firm areas that might indicate cancer. |
electromyography | Measures the contraction of muscles that control urination using electrodes placed in the rectum and urethra. |
TSE testicular self-exam | Self-exam of the testes for abnormal lumps or swelling in the scrotal sac. |
endoscopy | Visual exam of a caviety or canal using a lighted instrument called an endoscope. |
cystoscopy | Insertion of a cystoscope into the urethra to examin the urinary bladder, obtain biopsies, and remove polyps. |
nephroscopy | Exam of the inside of the kidneys. |
urethroscopy | Visual exam of the urethra. |
BUN blood urea nitrogen | Test thet determines the amount of urea nitrogen present in the blood. |
C&S culture and sensitivity | Test that determines the causative organism of a disease and how the organism responds to various antibiotics. |
PSA prostate specific antigen | Blood test used to detect prostatic disorders. especially prostate CA. |
semen analysis | Test that analyzes a seman sample for volume,sperm count,motility, and morphology to evaluate fertility or verify sterilization. |
UA urinalysis | Battery of tests preformed on a urine specimen, physical observation, chemical tests, and microscopic evaluation. |
cystography | Radiographic exam of the urinary bladder using a contrast medium. |
cystometrography | Procedure that assesses volume and pressure in the bladder at varying stages of filling using saline and a contrast medium introduced into the bladder through a catheter. |
cystourethrography | Radiographic exam of the urinary bladder and urethra after contrast medium. |
VCUG voiding cystourethrography | cystourethrography with additional radiological exam of the bladder and urethra before,during,and after voiding. |
KUB (radiography) kidney, ureter,bladder | Radiographic exam to determine the location,size, and shape of the kidneys in relationship to other organs in the abdominopelvic cavity. |
pyelography | Radiographic exam of the ureters and renal pelvis. |
IVP intravenous pyelography | Radiographic exam of the ureters and renal pelvis after I.V. injection of contrast medium. |
nuclear scan, renal | Test used to evaluate blood flow,structure, and function ot the kidneys after I.V. injection of a mildly radioactive substance. |
ultrasound | Test using high-frequency sound waves and displays the reflected "echoes" on a moniter. |
scrotal ultrasound | Use of ultrasound to assess patency of the vas deferens and other structers. |
dialysis | Passage of a solution through a membrane. |
hemodialysis | Removal of a toxic substance from the blood by shunting blood from the body through a semipermeable membrane tube. |
peritoneal dialysis | Removal of toxic substance from the body by perfusing the peritoneal cavity with warm sterile solution. |
lithotripsy | Crushing a stone by use of surgical incision. |
ESWL extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy | Use of shockwave an a noninvasive method to break up stones. |
circumcision | Removal of all or part of the foreskin, or prepuce of the penis. |
PCNL percutaneous nephrolithotomy | Removal of a stone from the kidney through a very small incision in the skin. |
nephropexy | Fixation of a floating or mobile kidney. |
orchidectomy | Removal of one or both testes. |
resection of the prostate | Partial excision of the prostate gland. |
transurethral resection of the prostate | Procedure to remove prostatic tissue by cauterization or cryosurgery. |
vasectomy | Excision of all or a segment of the vas deferene. |
potassium supplements | Treat or prevent hypokalemia. |
androgens | Increase testosterone levels. |
anti-impotence agents | Treat ED by promoting increased blood flow. |
AGN | acute glomerulonephritis |
ARF | acute renal failure |
ATN | acute tubular necrosis |
BNO | bladder neck obstruction |
BPH | benign prostatic hypertrophy |
BUN | blood urea nitrogen |
C&S | culture and sensitivity |
cath | catheter |
cysto | cystoscopy |
DRE | digital rectal exam |
ED | erectile dysfunction |
ESRD | end-stage renal disease |
ESWL | extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy |
EU | excretory urography |
GU | genitourinary |
HD | hemodialysis |
IVP | intravenous pyelography |
IVU | intravenous urography |
K | potassium |
KUB | kidney ureter bladder |
Na | sodium |
PCNL | percutaneous nephrolithotomy |
pH | symbol for degree of acidity or alkalinity |
PSA | prostate-specific antigen |
RP | retrograde pyelography |
sp.gr. | specific gravity |
TSE | testicular self-examination |
TURP | transurethral resection of the prostate |
UA | urinalysis |
VCUG | voiding cystourethrography |