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Unit 3
Course 5011
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Reflex | A simple relation between an antecedent stimulus and a reflex response. |
| Elicit | To strongly, consistently, and reliably evoke. |
| Unconditioned Reflex | A simple relation between a specific stimulus and a specific innate, involuntary response. |
| Examples of Human Reflexes | Eye blink reflex, pupillary reflex, respiratory reflex, sneeze reflex, cough reflex, rooting reflex, sucking reflex, salivation reflex, swallowing reflex, reflex related to low/high temperature, reflex to loud sound, withdrawal reflex, activation reflex |
| Unconditioned Stimulus | A stimulus which elicits an unconditioned response without prior learning |
| Unconditioned Response | A response which is elicited by an unconditioned stimulus without prior learning. |
| Habituation | A temporary reduction in a reflex response due to repeated presentations of the eliciting stimulus. |
| Adaptation | A reduction in the frequency or magnitude of a response or a set of responses as a result of prolonged exposure to a stimulus or an environmental context. |
| Potentiation | A temporary increase in some dimension or intensity of a reflex response due to repeated presentations of an eliciting stimulus. |
| Sensitization | The tendency of a stimulus to elicit a reflex response following the elicitation of that response by a different stimulus. |
| Respondent Conditioning | A stimulus-stimulus pairing procedures in which a neutral stimulus is presented with an unconditioned stimulus until the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus that elicits the conditioned response. |
| Conditioned Reflex | A simple relation between a specific conditioned stimulus and a conditioned involuntary response. |
| Neutral Stimulus | A stimulus which has no eliciting effect on behavior prior to being paired contingently with an unconditioned stimulus or another conditioned stimulus. |
| Conditioned Stimulus | A stimulus which elicits a conditioned response due to prior learning; that is, due to ontogenic provenance. |
| Conditioned Response | A response which is elicited by a conditioned stimulus due to prior learning |
| Short Delay Conditioning | The ONSET of the CS must come first, before the ONSET of the US; very effective |
| Long Delay Conditioning | The ONSET of the CS must come first, before the ONSET of the US; usually effective |
| Trace Conditioning Procedure | The OFFSET of the CS must come before the ONSET of the US; sometimes effective. |
| Simultaneous Conditioning Procedure | CS and US occur at the same time; usually not effective. |
| Backward Conditioning Procedure | The ONSET of the US must come before the ONSET of the CS; almost always ineffective. |
| Higher-Order Conditioning | A neutral stimulus is paired with a previously conditioned stimulus (CS) rather than with a US. |
| Respondent Extinction | The process through which a conditioned reflex is weakened by discontinuing to pair the CS with the US. |
| Respondent Spontaneous Recovery | The sudden reappearance of a previously extinguished conditioned reflex. |
| Respondent Stimulus Generalization | The spread of the effects of respondent conditioning to stimuli other than the conditioned stimulus. |
| Phylogenic provenance | The effect of a stimulus on a specific response may be innate, due to the evolutionary history of that species. |
| Ontogenic provenance | The effect of the stimulus on a specific response may be learned, due to the experiential history of the individual organism in the environment. |
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LadyTEACH86
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