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Chapter 2
Chemistry of Life 2.1-2.3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Atom | Smallest unit of an element that still retains the chemical and physical properties of the element. |
| Subatomic Particles | Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons |
| Atomic Number | The number of protons an atom has. |
| Mass Number | The sum of the number of protons and neutrons. |
| Mole | A unit of measure for the number of atoms. |
| Isotope | An atom with an abnormal number of neutrons. Can cause atoms and elements to become radioactive. |
| Compounds | A combination or joining of two atoms. |
| Ionic Bond | A bond resulting from the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, producing ions. |
| Cation | A positively charged ion. |
| Anion | A negatively charged ion. |
| Covalent Bond | A bond resulting from the sharing of electrons between two atoms. |
| Hydrogen Bonds | A weak attraction of hydrogen to negatively charged atoms or molecules. Important for life. |
| Hydrophilic | Water loving molecules. (Will dissolve in water) |
| Hydrophobic | Water fearing molecules. (Will not dissolve in water) |
| Acid | A substance that releases hydrogen ions when added to water. |
| Base | A substance that takes up free hydrogen ions or releases hydroxide ions when added to water. |
| pH | The measure of hydrogen ion concentration in a solution. |
| Electrolytes | Substances that release ions when placed in water. |
| Dehydration Reaction | The removal of water, resulting in the building of a larger molecule from two smaller molecules. |
| Hydrolysis Reaction | The breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules. |
Created by:
Mr.Klein
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