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Govt-Final Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which theory of the origins of government provided the inspiration for the American Revolution? | social contract theory |
| Who was the primary author of the Declaration of Independence? | Thomas Jefferson |
| The Constitution was drafted in _________ and went into effect in _________. | 1787; 1789 |
| This term refers to the principle that people are the most important source of government power: | popular sovereignty |
| Article I | legislative branch (Congress) |
| Article II | executive branch (President) |
| Article III | judicial branch (Courts) |
| Article IV | relations among the states and between the states and the national government |
| Article V | how to amend the Constitution |
| Article VI | supremacy of the national government |
| Article VII | ratification process of the Constitution |
| The Bill of Rights refers to the ________ | the first ten amendments of the Constitution |
| Which Supreme Court case established judicial review? | Marbury v. Madison |
| Constitution clearly lists what the national govt. can & can’t do is the principle of : | limited government |
| National law and Constitution superior to state laws and state constitutions is the principle of: | national supremacy |
| All are equally bound to the law including the government leaders is the principle of: | rule of law |
| Govt. gets authority and consent from the people is the principle of: | popular sovereignty |
| Power divided among three branches is the principle of: | separation of powers |
| Each branch checks the power of the other two is the principle of: | checks and balances |
| The division of governmental power between national govt. & the states is the principle of: | federalism |
| Courts decide whether law or executive action is constitutional is the principle of: | judicial review |
| This court case established the power of the Supreme Court to declare an act of Congress or the executive branch unconstitutional | Marbury v. madison |
| This court case expanded Congress’s ability to use its implied powers | McCulloch v. Maryland |
| This court case broadened the definition of commerce and established that a state cannot interfere with Congress’s right to regulate interstate commerce | Gibbons v. Ogden |
| This court case held that 1st Amendment rights to freedom of speech applied to states as well as the federal government | Gitlow v. New York |
| In a presidential election year, this election comes last and is held in November | general election |
| The formal written statement of principles and beliefs of a political party is called ____________. | platform |
| What does suffrage mean? | the right to vote |
| Which constitutional amendment gave the right to vote to African-American men? | 15th Amendment |
| Which constitutional amendment gave the right to vote to women? | 19th Amendment |
| Which constitutional amendment gave the right to vote to 18-year olds? | 26th Amendment |
| The most important single predictor of whom people will vote for is ____________. | party identification |
| Which group is most closely associated with using the powers of government to promote social progress? | liberals |
| Which group is most closely associated with decreasing government power and spending? | conservatives |
| The United States has a(n) ______________ , or two-house, legislature. | bicameral |
| Which house in Congress is based on population? | House of Representatives |
| Which house in Congress has 100 members? | Senate |
| Representatives serve a __________ -year term while Senators serve a ___________-year term. | 2; 6 |
| The implied powers of Congress are based on ____ | delegated powers; the Elastic Clause; McCulloch v. Maryland |
| Who can bring charges of impeachment against the President? | House of Representatives |
| Who has the power to conduct an impeachment trial? | Senate |
| Deficit spending is the practice of spending ________ | more money than is brought in |
| The presiding officer of the House of Representatives is ____________. | the Speaker of the House |
| Who officially presides over the Senate? | Vice-President |
| Who holds the most power in the Senate? | the majority and minority leaders |
| What is a proposed law called? | a bill |
| What is one of the major functions of the House Rules Committee? | sets limits on debate |
| Which term means a sufficient number of House or Senate members are present to conduct business? | quorum |
| A filibuster can occur in which house(s) in Congress? | Senate only |
| What is cloture? | a way to end a filibuster (60 votes) |
| In the House, amendments must be ____________ ; in the Senate, many amendments are ______________ . | germane; riders |
| What term refers to legislation created chiefly to bring benefits to a lawmaker’s home district and constituents? | pork barrel legislation |
| What is the meaning of the term gerrymandering? | creating oddly shaped districts to gain political advantage |
| Congress meets on _____________ 3rd of every odd-numbered year. | January |
| Only __________ of the Senate faces reelection every two years. | 1/3 |
| There are ________ seats in the House of Representatives. | 435 |
| Every _____ years a census is taken to use to apportion the seats among the 50 states. | 10 |
| Oregon has ______ representatives in the House. | 5 |
| The name of my House Representative is ___________________________ . | Peter DeFazio |
| Which President was elected to more than two terms? | Franklin Roosevelt |
| We actually vote for which of the following to choose our President? | a slate of electors |
| Which of these is the main responsibility of the President? | to enforce the laws |
| Oregon has how many electoral votes? | 7 |
| How many times has the popular vote winner lost a Presidential election? | 5 |
| The Supreme Court established the principle of ____________ in the case Marbury v. Madison. | judicial review |
| The Supreme Court consists of _________ justices. | 9 |
| ________________________ was the first woman appointed by the Supreme Court. | Sandra Day O'Connor |
| __________________ was the first African American appointed to the Supreme Court. | Thurgood Marsahall |
| The state of Oregon is under the jurisdiction of the_______ Circuit Court of Appeals which is based in the city of ________. | 9th |
| Who appoints all federal judges? | the President |
| Who confirms all federal judge appointments? | the Senate |
| A ruling of the Supreme Court is explained in a ________ opinion. | majority opinion |
| A ________________ is a group of people who evaluate whether there is enough evidence against a person to order him or her to stand trial. | grand jury |
| __________ is the power of the courts to establish the constitutionality of national, state, or local acts of government. | Judicial review |
| A __________ holds the view that judges ought to base their decisions on a narrow interpretation of the language of the constitution. | strict constructionist |
| A _________ holds the view that judges have considerable freedom in interpreting the Constitution. | loose constructionist |
| ________ is the belief that Supreme Court justices should actively make policy and sometimes redefine the Constitution. | Judicial activism |
| __________ is a judicial decision that is used as a standard in later similar cases. | A precedent |
| The ______________________________ Clause provides that a state cannot take unfair advantage in its laws of the residents of another state. | Privileges and Immunities |
| The ______________________________ Clause requires that states honor one another’s public acts, records, and judicial proceedings . | Full Faith and Credit |
| The ______________________________ Clause states that the Constitution stands above all other forms of law in the United States. | National Supremacy |
| The _______________________________ Clause grants Congress the power to make all laws needed to carry out its Constitutional powers and duties. | Necessary and Proper |
| Local governments derive their power from ______________________________. | state governments |
| Agreements states enter into with both foreign nations and other states with he consent of Congress are _______________________________. | interstate compacts |
| The power to declare war is a(n) _______________ power of the national government. | exclusive |
| The power to collect taxes is a(n) __________________ power of national and state governments. | concurrent |
| The power to establish schools is a(n) _____________ power of the states. | reserved |
| _________________________ is one type of federal grant-in-aid for some particular but broadly defined area of public policy. | Block grant |
| ___________________________ is one type of grant-in-aid made for some specific, closely defined, purpose | Categorical grant |
| This amendment guarantees the right to organize state militias and to bear arms. | 2nd Amendment |
| This amendment protects citizens from unreasonable search and seizure by government officials. | 4th Amendment |
| This amendment prohibits self-incrimination and guarantees other rights of accused persons. | 5th Amendment |
| This amendment prohibits excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment. | 8th Amendment |
| This amendment guarantees the right to a trial by jury in most civil cases. | 7th Amendment |
| This amendment guarantees the right to a speedy trial by jury in criminal cases and right to a lawyer. | 6th Amendment |
| This amendment guarantees freedom of religion, of speech, of the press, and right to assemble peaceably, and to petition the government | 1st Amendment |
| This amendment prohibits the quartering of troops in one’s house without the consent of the owner. | 3rd Amendment |
| This amendment states that powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states or the people. | 10th Amendment |
| This amendment states that the people have rights other than those explicitly expressed in the Constitution | 9th Amendment |
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teacherdavidfrost
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