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Ch 6 Bone

Anatomical Terms/Bone

Anatomical Terms/BoneMeaning
appendicular skeleton bones of shoulder, pelvis, & upper/lower extremities
axial skeleton bones of skull, vertebral column, chest and hyoid bone (u-shaped bone lying at base of tongue)
bone specialized connective tissue composed of osteocytes (bone cells) forming the skeleton
compact bone type of bone tissue; tightly solid, strong bone tissue resistant to bending
spongy (cancellous) bone type of bone tissue; mesh-like bone tissue containing morrow and fine branching canals through which blood vessels run
long bones bone classification; bones of arms and legs
short bones bone classification; bones of wrist and ankles
flat bones bone classification; bones of ribs, shoulder blads, pelvis, and skull
irregular bones bone classification; bones of vertebrae and face
sesamoid bones bone classification; round bones that are found near joints (e.g. patella)
epiphysis parts of long bone; wide ends of a long bone (physis = growth)
diaphysis parts of long bone; shaft of a long bone
metaphysis parts of long bone; growth zone between epiphysis and diaphysis during development of a long bone
endosteum parts of long bone; membrane lining the medullary cavity of a bone
medullary cavity parts of long bone; cavity within the shaft of the long bones filled with bone marrow
>> bone marrow soft connective tissue within the medullary cavities of bones
>>red bone marrow found in cavities of most bones in infants; functions in formation of red blood cells, some white blood cells and platelets; in adults, red bone marrow is found most often in the flat bones
>>yellow bone marrow gradually replaces red bone marrow in adult bones, functions as storage for fat tissue, and is inactive in formation of blood cells
periosteum parts of long bone; a fibrous, vascular membrane that covers the bone
articular cartilage parts of long bone; a gristle-like substance found on bones where they articulate
Created by: mascat
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