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A & P 1
Chapter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| anatomy | study of the the structure of an organism and the relationships of its parts (Body parts) |
| physiology | study of the functions of living organisms and their parts (how the body works) |
| homeostasis | means staying the same! The balance the body tries to maintain by keeping the internal enviroment the same |
| cells | smallest "living" units of structure and function in our body |
| tissues | an organization of many similar cells that act together to perform a common function |
| organs | larger and more complex than tissues. An organ is a group of several different kinds of tissues arranged so that they can together act as a unit to perform a special function |
| anatomical position | erect or standing posture with the arms at the sides and the palms turned forward. |
| supine | Remember "Supine on the spine" body is lying face upward |
| prone | body lying face down |
| scientific method | systematic approach to discovery |
| hypothesis | a resonable guess based on previous informal observations or tested eplanations |
| theory or law | a hypothesis that has gained a high level of confidence |
| experimentation | the testing of a hypothesis |
| superior | toward the head, upper or above |
| inferior | toward the feet, lower or below |
| anterior | front or front of ( remember A before P) |
| posterior | in back of |
| Ventral | toward the belly also meaning front in place of anterior |
| dorsal | toward the back ( think dorsal fin of a shark is on the back) |
| medial | toward the midline of the body ( think medial, mid) |
| lateral | away from midline ( think Later, away from now) |
| proximal | toward or nearest the trunk of the body, or nearest the point of origin of one of its parts ( proximal = approximately = almost) |
| distal | away from or farthest from the trunk or the point of origin of a body part ( think distal, distance) |
| superficial | nearer body surface ( letters in superficial can spell surface) |
| deep | farther away from body surface |
| sagittal | lengthwise plane running from front to back. Divides the body into right and left sides |
| frontal | or coronal is a lengthwise plane running from side to side. it divides the body or any of its parts into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions |
| transverse | horizonal plane that divides the body or any of its parts into upper and lower |
| ventral cavity | 1 of 2 body cavities. Organ containing space in the anterior or front trunk of the body that includes the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities |
| dorsal cavity | (think dorsal fin on back) houses things in the back - cranial and spinal cavities |
| Thoracic Cavity | think chest area. Middle of is mediastinum. The rest is right and left pleural cavities |
| diaphragm | dome shaped and muscular. Most important for breathing. Separates the thoracic and the addominal cavities |
| upper abdominopelvic region | right and left hypochondriac regions and the epigastric region divides across the 9th rib cartlidges |
| middle abdominopelvic region | right and left lumbar and the umbilical region. Lies between 9th rib cartlidge and above the hip bone |
| lower abdominopelvic region | right and left iliac ( or inguinal)and hypogastric region |
| cranial cavity | space inside the skull that contains the brain. The cranial cavity is in the dorsal cavity |
| spinal cavity | contains the spinal cord. The spinal cavity is in the dorsal cavity. |
| axial | head, neck and torso or trunk of the body |
| appendicular | refers to upper and lower extremities ( think appendages) |
| abdominopelvic cavity | word to describe the single space containing the abdominal and pelvic organs |
| mediastinum cavity | midportion of the thoracic cavity. It contains trachea, heart and blood vessels |
| dissection | cutting technique used to separate body parts for study |
| effector | responding organ for example voluntary, involuntary muscles, the heart and glands |
| feedback loop | highly complex and integrated communication, control network,classified as negative or positive |
| negative feedback loop | most important and numerous homestatic control mechanisms. Causes the level of a variable to be changed in the direction opposite to the intial stimulus |
| Positive feedback loop | causes the level of variable to be pushed futher in the direction of original deviation, causing an amplification of the original stimulus |
| atrophy | wasting away of tissue; decrease in size of a part sometimes referred to as disuse atrophy. |
Created by:
4gotn1
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