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adrenal phys
physiology of adrenals
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| glomerulosa | aldosterone |
| fasciculata | cortisol |
| reticularis | androgens (DHEA) |
| 21 carbon steriods | progesterone, deoxycorticosterone, aldosterone, cortisol |
| 21 carbon steriods | progesteron is the precursor for all 21 carbon steroids |
| 21 carbon steriods | hydroxylation at C21 gives deoxycorticosterone |
| 21 carbon steriods | hydroxylation at C17 produces glucocorticoids |
| 19 carbon steriods | have androgenic activity |
| 18 carbon steriods | have estrogenic activity |
| glucocorticoids | oscillates with circadian rythem, highest at 8AM and lowest at 12PM |
| ACTH | stimulates secretion in all zones fo the adrenal by stimulating cholesterol desmolase |
| ACTH | up regulates it's own receptor |
| cortisol | inhibits the secretion of CRH by negative feedback |
| mineralocorticoid | increases renal sodium reabsorption, potassium secreation, and hydrogen secretion |
| aldosterone | secretion is regulated by the renin-angiotension system, hyperkalemia increases aldosterone secretion |
| glucocorticoids | stimulates gluconeogenisis by; increasing protein catabolism, decreasing glucose utilization, increases lipolysis |
| glucocorticoids | anti-inflammatory effects are induces the synthesis of lipocortin which inhibits phospholipase A2), inhibits production of interleukin-2, inhibits release of histamine and serotonin |
| glucocorticoids | suppress the immune response by inhibiting the production of IL-2 |
| glucocorticoids | mantains vascular response to catecholamines by up regulating alpha 1 receptors |