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Parisitology
Path Y2B2
| Question | Answer | classification |
|---|---|---|
| malaria | feed on Hb of erythrocytes; p. vivax attach to rbc via Duffy blood group antigen | protozoa |
| f. falciparum | "malignant" form of malaria | protozoa |
| f. falciparum | PfEMP1 - makes rbc stick together (microcirulation disturbed) | protozoa |
| babesiosis | Ixodes sp. (hard tick); DD: lyme disease and/or erlichiosis, minority of pts will manifest mixed infections | protozoa |
| leishmaniasis | usu called by L.mexicanan and L. donovani; TX southward | protozoa |
| leishmaniasis | inflammatory papule which usu ulcerates, at the site of the bite (bagdad boil) followed by regional lymphadenopathy; parasite remains | protozoa |
| visceral leishmaniasis | (Kala Azar - India and Brazil) caused by L. donovani | protozoa |
| visceral leishmaniasis | Sx: papule at bite; asym., splenomegaly, anemia | protozoa |
| visceral leishmaniasis | result in intrauterine transmission and congenital visceral leishmaniasis and cutaneous leishmaniasis | protozoa |
| visceral leishmaniasis | disseminated can lead to multi-organ dysfxn and immune deficiency which predisposes to other infections | protozoa |
| chagas disease | infects leukocytes initally and other cells of the body after dissemination via blood and lymphatics | protozoa |
| chagas disease | infect myocardium; neurons of myenteric plexus -- esophagus, colon, ureters | protozoa |
| chagas disease | acute - inflammatory papule, lymphadenopathy, hepatospl.; latent - may last a few yrs; symptomatic - minority of pts: heart, bowel, CNS | protozoa |
| chagas disease | clinical manifestations often includes a combo of myocarditis, dilation of the esophagus, dilation of teh colon, and dilation of the ureter | protozoa |
| strongyloidiasis | autoinfection can lead to disseminated hyperinfection w/ invasion of a number of internal organs | worm |
| strongyloidiasis | in pt taking high doses of corticosteroids, chronic pneumonitis, incrased incidence of bac sepsis d/t bowel wall damage from invasive larvae | nematode |
| strongyloidiasis | only helminth able to complete entire life cycle in human host which can lead to autoinfection | nematode |
| cysticercosis | man ingests EGGS rather than encysted larva, becoming the intermediate (not definitive) host | cestode |
| cysticercosis | eggs rise larvae which penetrate the bowel (CNS, eyes, skeletal muscle, subq) | cestode |
| neurocysticercosis | high mortality rate and leads to the formation of multiple small cysts in the brain often exhibiting dystrophic clacification (seizures, hydrocephalus, chronic meningoencephalitis) | cestode |
| echinococcus species | larvae disseminate to the lungs and liver where they form hydatid cysts in humans (liver - multilocular) | cestode |
| ecinococcus species | larvae multiply in cysts which enlarge over yrs; can go to other organs | cestode |
| schistosomiaiss | trematode infections can be classified based on the tissue invaded by adult flukes (blood, liver, lung, intestine) | trematode |
| schistosomiaisis | "swimmer's itch" cercarial dermatitis | trematode |
| schistosomiaisis | Katayama syndrome (fever, lymphadenopathy, hepatospl.) | trematode |
| schistosomiasis | chronic form depends on tissue tropism of liver, intestinal, pelvic/urinary | trematode |
| schistosomiaisis | blood fluke, S. haematobium = squamous cell carcinoma of bladder | trematode |
| schistosomal dermatitis | non-path to humans as terminal hosts; enzymes for penetration cause intense inflammation and itching after abt 12 hrs | trematode |
| lymphatic filariasis | intense granulomatous inflammatory response leading to lymphatic channel obstruction and lymphedema (elephantitis) | nematode |
| acquired toxoplasmosis | injest meat, or ingest sporulated oocysts present in cat feces | protozoa |
| acquired toxoplasmosis | in immune deficient pts, it can lead to necrotizing lesions in the CNS, heart, lungs, eyes | protozoa |
| acquired toxoplasmosis | most common organ is CNS | protozoa |
| congenital toxoplasmosis | first trimester = low; second trimester = transmission to fetus almost always occurs, but effects on fetus are minimal | protozoa |
| congenital toxoplasmosis | toxoplasmosis triad: chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, cerebral calcificaiton | protozoa |
| entamoeba histolytica | bowel mucosa ulcerations; 1 in 20 cases complicated by intestinal perforation | protozoa |
| entamoeba histolytica | amebic abscess in the liver; disseminated amebiasis is uncommon in immunocompetent, but does occur | protozoa |
| entamoeba histolytica | amebic colitis w/ mucosal inflammation and ulceration | protozoa |
| entaoeba histolytica | ameboma is tumor-like chronic inflammatory proliferation in the wall of the colon; systemic spread including lung, skin and liver | protozoa |
| Giardiasis | acute and chronic gastritis and/or enterocolitis but does NOT cause dysentery | (blank) |
| trichomonas | asym carriers; non-invasive infection in females (vaginitis) or males (urethritis); rarely causes cystitis in females or prostatitis in males | (blank) |
| trichomonas | strawberry cervix sign is highly correlated w/ T. vaginalis infection | (blank) |
| cryptosporidiasis | diarrhea; self-limited in immunocompetent; can lead to chronic diarrhea - malnutrition and dehydration via systemic dissemination | (blank) |
| ascariasis | chronic malnutrition; worms consume 10% of food | (blank) |
| ascariasis | intestinal obstruction due to heavy worm pop; infrequently causes bilary tract obstruction | (blank) |
| enterobius vermicularis | perianal pruritis (usu nocturnal) | (blank) |
| hookworms | serpiginous rash; cutaneous larva migrans | (blank) |
| hookworms | pneumonic phase; intestinal phase (iron deficiency anemia) -- sequele | (blank) |
| cutaneous larva migrans | self-limiting disease w/ cutaneous larvae dying and lesions resolving w/in 4-8wks | (blank) |
| cutaneous larva migrans | secondary bac infection is common (s. aureus or s. pyogenes) | (blank) |
| clonorchiasis | infects the bile passages; markedly increased incidence of suppurative cholangitis leading to acute biliary tract obstruction | flukeworm |
| fascioliasis | markedly increased incidence of suppurative cholangitis leading to acute biliary tract obstruction | flukeworm |
| fascioliasis | cliinal synopsis: spontaneous pneumothorax, chronic coughing, chronic dyspnea | flukeworm |
| dermatobiasis | botfly lays eggs on stomach of mosquite or other blood sucking insect | (blank) |
| dermatobiasis | eggs into human skin from bite; warble: larvae burrowed under skin | (blank) |
| dermatobiasis | NOT systemic, just remove from skin | (blank) |
| scabies | intense prutitis; linear erthematous lesions are often a/w inflammatory papules | (blank) |
| scabies | burrowing females avoid hairy areas: wrist, sides of fingers/feet, penis | (blank) |
Created by:
fl_sun80
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