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Digestive Questions
The Language of Medicine 8th Edition Chapter 5-Questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Digestion Begins and ends where? | Begins @ the mouth & ends @ the anus |
| What are the (3) functions of the Digestive System? | 1.)Digestion 2.)Absorbtion 3.)Elimination |
| The breaking down process is called what? | Digestion |
| Transferring of nutrients into the bloodstream is called what? | Absorption |
| The major portion of absorption takes place where? | in the small intestine |
| The ridding of body waste is called what? | Elimination |
| The mouth, tongue, & teeth are used for what? | Biting, chewing, & swallowing |
| Another name for chewing is what? | mastication |
| What is another name for swallowing | deglutition |
| Name 3 pairs of glands that secrete saliva | 1.)parotid glands 2.Submandibular Glands 3.sublingual glands |
| What is the pharynx or throat? | A muscular tube approximately 5" long |
| What is the function of the pharynx or throat? | passageway for food & air, divided into 3 sections |
| Where is the nasal pharynx located? | Behind the nose |
| Where is the oropharynx located? | Back of the mouth, beginning of the throat |
| Where is the laryngeal pharynx located? | Front portion, leads to larynx |
| What is the esophagus? | muscular tube leading from the pharynx to the stomach. |
| What is the function of the esophagus? | To carry food into the stomach |
| Name the 3 sections that the stomach is divided into. | 1.The fundus(upper) 2.The body(middle) 3.Antrum or pylorus |
| What is the stomach composed of? | 3 layers of smooth muscle |
| The stomach has 2 valves that prevent what? | Backflow |
| Where is the cardiac valve located? | Between the esophagus & stomach |
| Where is the pyloric valve located? | Between the stomach & the small intestine. |
| What are the (3) functions of the stomach? | 1.Store food 2.Mixes w/gastric juices to form chyme 3.Stomach slowly empties into small intestine. |
| Food leaves stomach in approximately how many hours? | 1-4 |
| The small intestine is approximately how many feet in length? | 20 ft |
| Where does the small intestine extend from? | The pyloric valve to the large intestine. |
| The small intestine contains small glands that secrete what? | enzymes |
| Give 3 examples of enzymes | 1.sucrase 2.maltase 3.lactase |
| The small intestine is divided into 3 sections, name them. | 1.duodenum 2.jejunum 3.ileum |
| What is the function of the duodenum? | The duodenum receives enzymes from liver & GB |
| The jejunum is approximately how many feet in length? | 8 ft |
| The ileum is approximately how many feet in length? | 11 ft |
| The ileum attaches to what? | large intestine |
| There are millions of these on the walls of intestines | villi |
| What is the function of villi? | They absorb nutrients into bloodstream & lymph vessels |
| Large intestine is attached to the small intestine by what of what valve? | ileocecal valve |
| The large intestine is approximately how many feet long? | 5 ft |
| The large intestine neither receives or secretes what? | digestive enzymes |
| Name the (6) sections the large intestine is divided into. | 1.cecum 2.ascending colon 3.transverse colon 4.descending colon 5.sigmoid colon 6.rectum |
| What is the peritoneum? | Double layered membrane that supports & protects organs in the abdominal cavity |
| The visceral peritoneum is which layer? | The Outer layer |
| Which layer is the parietal peritoneum? | inner layer |
| Which layer of tghe peritoneum goes around the intestines? | mesenteric |
| What is involuntary muscle contractions that forces contents along digestive tract? | peristalsis |
| This organ is both endo & exocrine in function | pancreas |
| What is the exocrine function of the pancreas? | pancreatic enzymes, trypsin, amylase & pancreatic lipase |
| What are the endocrine functions of the pancreas? | Secretes insulin & glucagon & both are for glucose & metabolism |
| Which is the largest organ in the body? | Liver |
| The liver secretes bile by way of what? | The cystic duct |
| Bile contains a pigment called what? | Bili. |
| How is bili formed? | By the breakdown of Hgb during normal RBC destruction |
| How does bili leave the body? | Through feces |
| If bili cannot leave body ___ is caused. | jaundice |
| What is the function of the GB? | Stores bile & releases bile to duodenum for digestion |
| To digest protein they are broken down into what? | amino acids |
| Carbs are broken down into what? | simple sugars |
| Fats are broken down into what?q | Simple fats |
| For absorption of vitamins they need to be mixed w/these 2 things | Water & Simple Fats |
| Name water soluble vitamins | B complex, Niacin, Vitamin C |
| These are fat soluble vitamins | Vitamins A,D,E,K |
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Clearascrystal03
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