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AP Gov Terms ( 13 )
13
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Standing Committees | committees that deal with proposed bills and also act in an oversight function. They are permanent, existing from one Congress to the next, such as the House Ways and Means and Senate Appropriations. |
| Whips | assistant floor leaders. Whips responsible keeping members in line and accurate count of votes against particular bill. |
| Amicus curiae | "friend of the court"; briefs that may be sent to support the position of one side or the other. |
| Cases of equity | those cases that cannot be resolved under common law precedent. |
| Civil law | deals with contract issues and tort cases such as negligence and slander and defines the legal rights of individuals. |
| Common law | based on the legal concept of stare decis, or judicial precedent. |
| Constitutional courts | courts that were formed to carry out the direction in the Constitution so that the Courts would exercise their judicial power. |
| Criminal law | cases that derive from criminal laws passed by the federal and state governments. |
| Fletcher v Peck (1810) | decision that established the precedent that the Supreme Court could rule a state law unconstitutional. |
| Gibbon v Ogden (1824) | case established the principle that Congress has sole authority over interstate commerce. |
| Judicial activism | a philosophy of judicial review that results in decisions that overturn precedent. |
| Judicial restraint | a court that maintains the status quo or mirrors what the other branches of government have established as current policy. |
| Judiciary committee | key Senate committee that is responsible for recommending presidential judicial appointments to the full Senate for approval. |
| Marshall Court | John Marshall's tenure as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, whose leadership resulted in the landmark decisions of Marbury v Madison, McCulloch v Maryland, and Gibbons v Ogden. |
| McCulloch v Maryland (1819) | case that established the principle that the federal government was supreme over the state. |
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