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PN 110 nutrition
nutrients and metabolism
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| unit of heat energy | calorie |
| rate of metabolism when the body is at rest | basal metabolic rate |
| foods that give us large number of calories with little nutrition | "empty calories" |
| body's primary energy source | carbohydrates |
| when in their simplest form, carbohydrates are | sugars |
| glucose, fructose, galactose | monosaccharides (simple sugars) |
| sucrose, lactose, maltose | disaccharides |
| another name for fat | lipid |
| vitamins requiring fat for absorption (fat soluble vitamins) | Vitamins A, D, E, K |
| this type of fat is found mainly in animals, and tends to be solid at room temperature | saturated fat |
| this type of fatty acid must be obtained through the diet | essential fatty acid |
| functions of fat in the body | absorption of vitamins cellular structure insulation/protection |
| proteins are broken down into _____________ acids | amino |
| vitamins that are dissolved in water | water soluble vitamins (B, C) |
| mineral needed for bones, muscle contraction, nerve function | calcium |
| mineral used to produce hemoglobin (and carry oxygen) | iron |
| breaking down a complex substance to produce energy | catabolism |
| building more complex substances out of simpler ones | anabolism |
| transfer of heat through the air by electromagnetic heat waves (such as sunlight) | radiation |
| transfer of heat between two materials that touch | conduction |
| this requires heat to change water into a gas | evaporation |
| part of the brain that is the body's thermostat (regulates temperature) | hypothalamus |
| fat-soluble vitamin which helps with blood clotting | vitamin K |
| fat-soluble vitamin which helps with absorption of calcium | vitamin D |
| mineral important for production of thyroid hormones | iodine |
| amount of energy used by the body including daily activities | total metabolic rate |
| fats are broken down into ______________ acids and glycerol | fatty |
| nutrient used to build and repair tissue | protein |
| 3 main nutrients | carbohydrates fats (lipids) protein |
Created by:
ballantynec
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