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Medical Terminology
AHL120: Chapter 12-15
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Acetabulum | Rounded depression, or socket, in pelvis that joins the femur (thigh bone) forming the hip joint. |
| Adenoids | Lymphatic tissue in nasopharynx. Pharyngeal Tonsils. |
| Albumin | Protein in blood ; maintains the proper amount of water in blood. |
| Allergy | Abnormal hypersensitivity acquired by exposure to an antigen. Reaction occurs when a person has been exposed to an agent. |
| Apex | Tip or uppermost of a structure. |
| Aplastix Anemia | Failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow. |
| Asthma | Chronic bronchial inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction due to bronchial edema and constriction and increased mucus production. |
| Atelectasis | Partial or complete collapse of the lung. |
| Atrophy | Decrease in size of an organ or tissue. |
| Axillary Nodes | Lymph nodes in the armpit (underarm) |
| Bone Marrow | A soft fatty substance in the cavities of bones, in which blood cells are produced |
| Bronchoscopy | Fiberoptic endoscope examination of the bronchial tubes. |
| Chondrostal | Cartilage that is attached to the ribs. Of or relating to the costal cartilages and the ribs. |
| Comminuted Fracture | A break or splinter of the bone into more than two fragments. |
| Condyle | A rounded protuberance at the end of some bones, forming an articulation with another bone. |
| Electrophoresis | Method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge. |
| Endotracheal Intubation | Placement of a tube through the mouth into the pharynx, larynx and trachea to establish an airway. |
| Hematocrit | Percentage of erythrocytes in a volume of blood. |
| Hemochromatosis | Excess iron deposits throughout the body. |
| Hemolytic Anemia | Reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction. |
| Hodgkin Disease | A malignant but often curable disease of lymphatic tissues typically causing painless enlargement of the lymph nodes, liver, and spleen. |
| Immunoglobulin | Protein with antibody activity. |
| Interferons | Proteins (cytokines) secreted by T cells and other cells to aid and regulate the immune response. |
| Kaposi Sarcoma | Malignant lesion associated with AIDS; arises from the lining of capillaries and appears as red, purple, brown and black skin modules. |
| Laryngoscopy | Visual examination of the voice box. |
| Lymph | Thin, watery fluid found with lymphatic vessels and collected from tissues throughout the body. |
| Lymphopoiesis | The generation of lymphocytes, one of the five types of white blood cell |
| Name the Bones of the Face | Lacrimal Mandibular Maxillary Nasal Vomer Zygomatic |
| Neutropenia | Presence of abnormal or few neutrophil in the blood, leading to increased susceptibility to infection. |
| Osteodystrophy | An alteration of bone morphology in patients with chronic kidney disease |
| Osteomalacia | Softening of bone, with inadequate amounts of mineral (calcium) in the bone. |
| Osteomyelitis | Inflammation of bone and bone marrow secondary to infection. |
| Osteoporosis | Decrease in bone density (mass) ; thinning and weakening of bone. |
| Palliative | Relieving symptom but not curing disease. |
| Pernicious Anemia | Lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb Vitamin B12 into the bloodstream. |
| Pertussis | Whooping cough, highly contagious. bacterial infection of the pharynx, larynx and trachea. |
| Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia | A form of pneumonia, caused by the yeast-like fungus. Not commonly found in the lungs of healthy people, but, being a source of opportunistic infection, it can cause a lung infection in people with a weak immune system. |
| Poikilocytosis | Irregularity in the shape of red blood cells. Occurs in certain types of anemia. |
| Polycythemia Vera | General increase in red blood cells (erythremia) |
| Relapse | Occurs when disease symptoms and signs reappear (return) necessitating further treatment. |
| Scoliosis | The spinal column is bent abnormally to the side. Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. |
| Supination | Turning the palm upward. |
| Thalassemia | Inherited disorder of abnormal hemoglobin production leading to hypochromia. |
| Tonsillectomy | Surgical operations to remove the tonsils. |
| Tonsillitis | Inflammation of the tonsils. |
| Tonsils | Masses of lymphatic tissue in the back of the oropharynx. |
| Tracheotomy | Incision of windpipe to relieve obstruction of breathing. |
| Visceral Muscle | Muscle connected to the internal organs; involuntary or smooth muscle. |
| Interleukins | Proteins (cytokines) that stimulate the growth of B and T lymphocytes. |
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