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Circulatory System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Action Potentials | Originate in the SA node and travel across the walls of the atrium to the AV node |
| Agglutination | Clumping of particles which results when incompatible blood types are mixed within the body and the antibodies of one blood type react against the antigens of the other |
| Aneurysm | Bulge or ballooning in the wall of an artery |
| Antibodies | In the blood plasma which determine blood type |
| Antigens | Located on the surface of the red blood cells which determine blood type |
| Aorta | Main blood vein leading to the heart |
| Aortic Semilunar Valve | Opens to allow oxygen-rich blood to pass from the left ventricle into the aorta |
| Arteries | Strong elastic vessels designed to carry blood away from the heart at a high pressure |
| Arterioles | Smaller |
| Arteriosclerosis | Normal consequence of aging where the arterial walls gradually thicken and arterial fibers decline occurring commonly in the arteries in the brain |
| Atherosclerosis | Disease affecting arterial blood vessels by the buildup of plaque on the inner lining of the arteries causing them to narrow and be less flexible |
| Atria | Responsible for receiving blood from the veins leading to the heart |
| Atrioventricular Bundle | Bundle of nodes |
| AV Node | Located in the walls of the right atrium |
| Basophil | Releases histamine which promotes inflammation and heparin |
| Bicuspid (mitral) Valve | Lets oxygen-rich blood from your lungs pass from the left atrium into the left ventricle |
| Blood Pressure | Force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels |
| Blood Types | Categories which define the differences in human blood due to the presence or absence of certain protein molecules called antigens and antibodies |
| Blood Vessels | Hollow utensils for carrying blood |
| Blood | Contained in blood vessels and consists of red blood cells |
| Capillaries | Important for the exchange of oxygen |
| Cardiac Cycle | Repeating pumping process of the heart |
| Circulatory System | Transports food |
| Coronary Artery Disease | Occurs when the arteries which supply blood to the heart muscle become hardened and narrowed as a result of atherosclerosis |
| Diastole | First step in the two-step heart beat process |
| Endocardium | Inner lining of the heart |
| Eosinophil | Releases chemicals which reduce inflammation and attack parasites |
| Epicardium | Outer surface of the heart |
| Erythrocytes (red blood cells) | Large microscopic cells without a nucleus which transport oxygen from the lungs to all of the living tissues of the body and carry away carbon dioxide |
| Erythropoiesis | Process by which red blood cells are made |
| Four Pulmonary Veins | Carry blood from the lungs to the left atrium |
| Heart Attack | Death of heart muscle from the sudden blockage of a coronary artery by a blood clot |
| Heart | Muscular pump surrounded by a double layered closed sac made of fibrous connective tissue call the pericardium |
| Hemoglobin | Composed of a protein called heme |
| Homeostasis | State of balance or equilibrium between all systems and processes within the body |
| Hypertension | Considered to be present when a person's systolic blood pressure is consistently 140mmHg or greater |
| Inferior Vena Cava | Carry blood from the body to the right atrium |
| Infusion | Introduction of a fluid other than blood to the body such as saline or glucose solution |
| Ions (electrolytes) | Involved in osmosis |
| Leukocytes (white blood cells) | Protect the body against invading organisms and remove dead cells and other waste from the body |
| Lymphocyte | Produces antibodies to aid in the immune response |
| Monocyte | Leaves blood and becomes a macrophage which eats bacteria |
| Murmurs | Abnormal heart sounds resulting from narrowing or leaking of valves or the presence of abnormal passages through which blood flows in or near the heart |
| Myocardium | Muscle of the heart |
| Neutrophil | Eat microorganisms and other substances |
| Nutrients | Sources of energy which promote enzyme activity |
| Plaque | Fatty material on the inner lining of the arteries causing them to narrow and be less flexible |
| Plasma Proteins | Aid in blood pressure |
| Plasma | Is the liquid component of blood in which the blood cells are suspended |
| Pulmonary Semilunar Valve | Controls blood flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary arteries |
| Pulmonary Trunk | Carries blood from the right ventricle to the lungs |
| Purkinje Fibers | Carry the action potentials from the bundle branches to the ventricular walls causing the heart to contract |
| Regulatory Substances | Stimulate or inhibit body functions |
| Rh Grouping System | Involves the presence or absence of the Rh factor |
| SA Node | Located in the walls of the right atrium which acts like the pacemaker |
| Stroke | Sudden death of brain cells due to a problem with the blood supply caused by a blockage or the rupture of an artery |
| Superior Vena Cava | Carry blood from the body to the right atrium |
| Systole | Second step in the heart-beat process |
| Thrombocytes (platelets) | Play an important role in preventing blood loss |
| Transfusion | Transfer of blood or blood components from one individual to another |
| Tricuspid Valve | Regulates blood flow between the right atrium and right ventricle |
| Type A | Has A antigens on the surface of the red blood cells and B antibodies in the blood plasma |
| Type AB | Has both A and B antigens on the surface of the red blood cells and no A or B antibodies at all in the blood plasma |
| Type B | Has B antigens on the surface of the red blood cells and A antibodies in the blood plasma |
| Type O | Has neither A or B antigens on the surface of the red blood cells but has both A and B antibodies in the blood plasma |
| Veins | Carry low-oxygen blood from the tissues back to the heart; except for the pulmonary vein which carries oxygenated blood |
| Ventricles | Force the blood away from the heart with sufficient power to push the blood all the way back to the heart |
| Water | Acts as a solvent and suspending medium |
Created by:
nduke2
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