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Muscular System
| definition/question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force | Contractility |
| the capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus | excitability |
| the ability to be stretched | extensibility |
| ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched | elasticity |
| a connective tissue surrounding the skeletal muscle | EPImysium |
| another connective tissue located OUTSIDE THE EPIMYSIUM. | Fascia |
| loose connective tissue that surround the fascicle | PERImysium |
| the fasciculi are composed of single muscle cells called fibers | fibers |
| each fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called what? | ENDomysium |
| the cytoplasm of each fiber is filled with what? | myofibrils |
| a thread-like structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other. | myofibrils |
| myofibrils consist of two major kinds of protein fibers | Actin myofilaments- thin myosin myofilaments-thick |
| actin and myosin filaments form a highly ordered units called | sarcomeres |
| a charge difference within the membrane is called the? | resting membranes potential |
| nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeleton muscle fibers | motor neurons |
| axons break into branches as they enter the muscle cell what does each branch connect to form | synapse (neuromuscular junction) |
| a single motor neuron and all skeletal cells it introverts are called? | motor unit |
| the enlarged nerve terminal is the | presynaptic terminal |
| the space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cells is the | synaptic cleft |
| the muscle fiber is the | post synaptic cleft |
| secretes neurotransmitter | synaptic vesicles |
| causes a change in the postsynaptic cell | acetylcholine |
| breaks down neurons and muscle cells by enzymes | acetylcholinesterase |
| contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus | muscle twitch |
| a point i which the muscle cell contracts maximally | threshold |
| when the muscle contracts maximally | all or none response |
| time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction is the | lag phase |
| time of contraction | contraction phase |
| the time during which is the muscle relaxes | relaxation phase |
| remains contracted without relaxation | tetany |
| increase in motor units being used | recruitment |
| can be accessed quickly and used to produce ATP | creatine phosphate |
| witout oxygen | anaerobic respiration |
| with oxygen | aerobic respiration |
| oxgen needed in chemical reaction but is not all | oxygen debt |
| ATP used during muscle contraction | muscle fatique |
| equal distance | isometric |
| equal tension | isotonic |
| constant tension produced by muscles | muscle tone |
| contract quickly | fast-twitch fibers |
| contract slowly | slow-twitch fibers |
| most stationary end of a muscle | origin |
| end of the muscle | insertion |
| in between the origin and insertion | belly |
| muscles that work together | synergist |
| muscle that work against eachother | antagonist |
| plays major role in group of synergists | prime mover |
| raises eyebrows | accipitofrontalis |
| closes the eyelids | orbicularis oculi |
| puckers lips | orbicularis oris |
| flattens cheeks | buccinator |
| smiling muscle | zygomatics |
| sneering | levator labii superioris |
| chewing | mastication |
| lateral neck muscle and prime mover | sternocleidomastoid |
| group of muscles on each side of back | erector spinae |
| change shape of tongue | intrinsic tongue muscle |
| moves tongue around in mouth | extrinsic tongue muscle |
| muscles that move the thorax | thoracic muscles |
| elevate ribs during respiration | external intercostals |
| contract during forced expiration | internal intercostals |
| the tendinious area of the abdominal wall | linea alba |
| the abs | rectus abdominis |
| crosses at three or more location on the rectus abdominis | tendinous inscriptions |
| rotate scapula | trepezius |
| pulls scapula anteriorly | serratus anterior |
| abducts and flexes arm | pectoralis major |
| medially rotates abducts and powerfully extends the arm | latissimus dorsi |
| attaches the humerus to the scapula | deltoid |
| extends forearm | triceps brachii |
| flexes the forearm | bicep brachii |
| flexes forearm | brachialis |
| supinates the forearm | brachioradialis |
| strong bands of connective tissue to protect from bowstring | retinaculum |
| butt | gluteus maximus |
| extends the leg | quadriceps formis |
| tailors muscle | sartorius |
Created by:
noah123492
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