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Blood
Anatomy
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hematology | Study of blood and it's disorders |
| Plasma | Liquid part (55%)- produced by liver |
| Leukocytes | White blood cells |
| Thrombocytes | Platelets |
| Erythrocytes | Red blood cells |
| Functions of blood-transportation | 1. Gases 2. Waste products 3. Nutrients |
| Functions of blood | 1. Transportation 2. Regulation 3. Protection |
| Functions of blood- regulation | 1. Body temp 2. pH |
| Functions of blood-protection | 1. Against pathogens 2. Clotting |
| pH | 7.35-7.45 |
| Blood volume | 5 liters |
| Hematopoiesis | Blood cell formation |
| Red bone marrow | myeloid stem cell |
| RBC Structure | spherical, inoculated, lack of mitochondria |
| RBC function | Carries hemoglobin molecules which transport oxygen |
| Tallquist test | Measures level of hemoglobin in RBCs |
| Hematocrit | % of RBC volume |
| RBC lifespan | 120 days |
| Anemia | RBC deficiency, hemoglobin deficiency, or both |
| Iron deficiency anemia | low hemoglobin-low O2-fatigue |
| Pernicious anemia | Lack of it. B12-low RBC count |
| Sickle-cell anemia | Fatal hereditary disease caused by abnormal hemoglobin |
| Polycythemia vera | Excessive increase in number of RBCs |
| Erythropoietin | Rate controlled by a hormone(produced by kidneys) |
| White Blood Cell Structure | Nuclei and large |
| Neutrophils | Engulf bacteria and cellular debris (most) |
| Basophils | Hypersensitivity, release histamine (least) |
| Eosinophils | Parasitic infections, allergic response |
| Lymphocytes | Produce antibodies, regulate the immune response |
| Monocytes | Engulf cellular debris |
| Leukocytosis | High WBC count |
| Leukopenia | Low WBC count |
| Leukemia | Large increase in WBCs |
| Infectious mononucleosis (mono) | High numbers of large lymphocytes caused by epstein-barrvirus virus |
| AIDs | Decreased WBCs- attacks the lymphocytes |
| Serum | Plasma minus clotting proteins |
| Hemophillia | Inherited x-linked |
| Thrombocytopenia (purpura) | Low platelets, petechia (clotting episodes) |
| Aspirin | Blocks prothrombin-thrombin |
| Heparin | Blocks fibrinogen-fibrin |
| Innate (nonspecific) defense | Fast |
| Adaptive (specific) defense | Slow |
| First line of defense | skin-mucous membranes-secretions of skin and mucous membranes |
| Second line of defense | phagocytic cells (neutrophils and monocytes)-antimicrobial proteins-inflammatory response (basophils) |
| Third line of defense | Lymphocytes-antibodies-macrophages |
| Lymphocytes | Immune cells |
| B-cells | Produce antibodies, made in bone marrow, humoral immunity |
| T-cells | Release chemicals to kill, originate in thymus, cell-mediated immunity |
Created by:
KayleemWhite
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