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Chapter 18 SG
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1. Cross-pressured voter - pg 548 | A voter who is caught between conflicting elements in his or her identity - religion, ethnicity, income level, peer group |
| 2. Legislative referendum - pg 547 | a special election in which the legislature refers a measure to the voters for their approval - same-sex marriage, abortion, tax increases, collective bargaining |
| 3. Soft money - pg. 558 | money raised by a political party for general purposes; money not designated for a candidate - banned by BCRA |
| 4. Precinct - pg. 563 | a voting district - counties and cities divided by them |
| 5. SuperPAC - pg. 558 | a political action committee that does not coordinate with election campaigns and thus is eligible to receive unlimited donations - supposed to be independent, but are often run by friends of candidates |
| 6. Grandfather clause - pg. 542 | an exemption in a law for a certain group based on previous conditions - allowing people whose grandfathers voted to not need to pay a tax or take a test, when most African-Americans had been enslaved |
| 7. Limits on campaign contributions supporters & non supporter views - pg. 556 and 557 | supporters think that limits would be limiting free speech, while non supporters say that limits prevent corruption |
| 8. Initiative - pg. 548 | a method by which citizens propose a constitutional law or amendment - approval for or ban of abortion, same-sex marriage, tax increases |
| 9. Midterm election - pg. 547 | a congressional election that takes place halfway through the president's term in office |
| 10. Straight party ticket - pg. 549 | a ticket where a voter has selected candidates of his or her own party only |
| 11, Freedom Summer - pg. 561 | a voting and civil rights campaign conducted in 1964. taught about rights, publicized obstacles to vote, and hosted days to register African Americans to vote |
| 12. Hard money - pg. 557 | direct contributions to a candidate's political campaign - limited based on regulations set out in FECA |
| 13. Propaganda - pg. 553 | the use of ideas, information, or rumors to influence opinion - not lying, but not objective |
| 14. Canvassing board - pg. 565 | the official body that counts votes and certifies the winner - has representatives from both parties |
| 15. Voting Rights Act of 1965 - pg. 542 | took steps to directly regulate state-controlled election procedures - allowed the federal government to register voters and send poll watchers in places where discrimination occurs |
| 16. Ad hominem - pg. 553 | a propaganda technique where one attacks the person instead of the issue |
| 17. Buckley v Valeo - pg. 556 | the Supreme Court ruled that campaign contributions are permitted. campaign spending cannot be limited, because it is protected under free speech |
| 18. List ways voter turnout could be improved - pg. 551 | more education, shift voting days to the weekend, leave the polls open longer, have a national registration system, make early voting and absentee ballots easier |
| 19. Incumbent - pg. 139 | an elected official who is already in office |
| 20. Explain the progression of voter inclusion from the beginning of the U.S. up to today - pg. 541-544 | in 1870, the 15th Amendment gave blacks the right to vote. discrimination occurred until the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Women could vote after 19th Amendment. 18-21 year-olds could vote after the 26th amendment in 1971 |
Created by:
rsatoski
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