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Digestive system
Chapter 12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Digestive system | Known as the gastrointestinal track Digestive tract Alimentary canal |
| Digestive system 30 feet long | Starts at mouth (oral cavity) end at anus |
| Functions | Prepares food for absorption into the blood stream Prepares food for use by the body Responsible for elimination of solid waste from the body |
| Oral cavity | Buccal cavity |
| Oral / Buccal cavitiy | Consists of : Lips Checks Hard plate ( regae ) Soft plate Uvula Tongue Principal organ of sense, taste,assists in chewing and swallowing |
| Chewing | Mastication |
| Swallowing | Deglutition |
| Salivary glands | Three pairs : parotid so Submandibular and sublinguals |
| Salivary glands | Secrete saliva Mostly water also contains mucus and digestive enzymes that aid in digestive process |
| Secrete saliva | Digestive enzymes are contained in saliva |
| Digestive amylase | AIDS in digestion of carbohydrates |
| Digestive lipase | Aides in digestion of fats |
| Pharynx | Throat |
| Throat | Serves as passageway for both respiratory and digestive systems |
| Oropharynx | Section of throat leading away from oral cavity |
| Nasopharynx | Behind nasal cavity |
| Laryngopharynx | Lower portion / opens to the esophagus and the larynx |
| Cheil/o | Lips |
| Esophagus | Receives food from the. Pharynx |
| Stomach contains | Fundus , body, pylorus , pyloric sphincter, Rugae , |
| Stomach | Secretes pepsin and hydrochlorid acid for digestion |
| accessory organs for digestion | Pancreatic |
| Appendicitis | A tubed shaped sac attached to an opening into the lower end of the large intestine |
| Peritonitis | Inflammation of the peritoneum |
| Cholelithiasis | Abnormal presence of a stones in the gallbladder |
| Choledochocoltiase | Presence if stone in bile duct |
| Chyme | Liquid like material of partially digested food and secretions found in the Stomach just before released into the duodenum |
| Gingivitis | Inflammation of the gums |
| Glycogenesis | Conversation of simple sugar ( glucose) into a complex form of sugar ( starch) for storage in the liver |
| Hematemesis | Vomiting of blood |
| Hernia | Irregular protrusion of skin organs or portion of any organ through an abnormal break in the surrounding cavitys muscular wall |
| Hyperemesis | Medical term for vomiting |
| Umbilical hernia | Protrusion of the intestine from the umbilicals due to abdominal wall weakness |
| Diverticulosis | Non-inflamed outpouchings or herniation of the muscular layer of the intestines ( sigmoid colon ) |
| Diverticulitis | Inflammation of the outpouchings |
| Dyentery | A term used to describe painful intestinal inflammation caused by water / food containing bacteria, / Protozoa / parasites or chemical irritants ( diarrhea with blood) |
| Cholelithiasis /gallstones | Pigmented or hardening cholesterol stones formed by crystallization |
| Hiatal hernia | Diaphragmatic hernia / protrusion of stomach threw diaphragm due to enlarged cardiac sphincter |
| Umbilical hernia | Around the belly button |
| Dyphermatic. Hernia | Sx hernia |
| Ilieus | Obstruction of the intestines due to twisting. Of bowel |
| Intestinal obstruction | Complete. Or partial alteration in the forward flow of contents in small or large intestine ( no blood supply) |
| Oral leukoplakia | Precancerous lesions anywhere in the mouth |
| Pancreatitis | Destructive/ inflammatory condition of the pancreas ( big swollen tummy) |
| Icterus | Jaundice |
| Aphagia | Loss of ability to swallow |
| Peptic ulcers | Break in the continuity of the mucus membrane linning the gastrointestinal Track result of hyper acidity or bacterium ( stomach ulcers) |
| Helicobacter pylori | Stomach ulcers |
| Neoplasma | Tumor / cancerous |
| ALT | SGPT |
| Panreas | Functions as exercise gland to manufacture digestive juices |
| Trypsin | Breaks down protein |
| Pancreatic lipase | Breaks down fats |
| Pancreatic amylase | Breaks down carbohydrates |
| Sodium bicarbonate | Neutralizes acidic stomach contents |
| Thrush | Fungal infection in mouth and throat Creamy white slightly raised curd like patches Caused by candida albicand |
| Crohn's disease | Digestive track inflammation of a chronic nature ( enteritis) |
| Diverticular disease | Consists of both diverticulitis and diverticulosis |
| Dental caries | Tooth decay caused by acid microorganism |
| Herpetic stomatitis | Infection or inflammation lesions in or around oral cavity |
| Intussusception | Telescoping a portion of the proximal intestines into distal intestines |
| Irritable bowel syndrome | Increased mobility of the small or large intestinal wall |
| Celiac disease | Nutrient malabsorption due to damaged small bowel mucosa because of gluten sensitivity |
| Achalasia | Decreased mobility of the lower two thirds of the esophagus sphincter |
| Dysentery | Term used to describe painful intestinal inflammation caused by water or food containing bacteria Protozoa parasites or chemical irritants |
| Hirschsprung's disease | Absence at birth of the autonomic ganglia in a segment of the intestinal Smooth muscle wall that normally stimulates peristalsis |
| Hemorrhoid | An unnatural distended or swollen vein (called a varicosity) in the distal rectum or anus |
| Hepatitis | Acute or chronic inflammation of the liver due to a viral or bacterial infection drugs alcohol toxins or parasites |
| Colostomy | Surgical creation of an artificial abdominal wall anus by bringing the incised Colon out to the abdominal surface |
| Gastric analysis | Study of the stomach content to determine the acid content and to detect The presence of blood bacteria bile and abnormal cells |
| Abdominicentesis | Insertion of a needle or grocer into the peritoneal cavity to remove Ascetic fluid with the person in a sitting position |
| Cirrhosis | A disease of the liver that is chronic and degenerative causing injury to The hepatocytes |
| Digestive is also known as | Gastrointestinal track |
| Toungne contains | Papillar |
| Esophagus | Receives food from the pharynx |
| Appendicitis | Inflammation of the appendix |
| Inflammation peritoneum | Peritonitis |
| Cholelithiasis | Stones in gallbladder |
| Pre dense of stone in idle duct | Choledochocltise |
| Gycogenesis | Liver turning sugar into glulcose |
| Protection of stomach through diaphragm/sphincter | Hiatal hernia / also diaphragmatic |
Created by:
Tbella
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