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Chapter 27, 30
examinations and procedures
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anorexia nervosa | an eating disorder of psychological origin. |
| Appendicitis | Acute inflammation of the appendix usually caused by infection or obstruction. |
| Bulimia | a syndrome in which an individual binges on food and then purges by inducing vomiting |
| cholecystitis | inflammation of the gallbladder. |
| colon cancer | common malignancy characterized by change in bowel habits, |
| crohn's disease | chronic disease that exhibits inflammation of the ileum resulting in diarrhea, right lower quadrant pain |
| Diverticulitis | Inflammation of diverticula usually caused by impacted feces or bacteria in the sacs |
| Diverticulosis | diverticula in colon with out symptoms |
| duodenal ulcer | Lesion in the mucous membrane of the small intestine usually caused by hyuperacidity or helicobacter pylon |
| Enterobiasis | Intestinal parasites causing intestinal and rectal infection |
| Gastric Ulcer | Caused by bacteria H. pylori, salicylates, smoking and alcohol |
| Gastroenteritis | Inflammation of the stomach and intestinal tract. |
| Gastritis | Inflammation of the stomach lining usually caused by an undefined irritant |
| Gastroesophagel relux disease | A small valve int he lower esophagus leaks causing stomach acid to back up from the stomach to the esophagus |
| Hepatitis | Inflammation of the liver caused by infection from a virus resulting in hepatomegaly, anorexia, and jaundice |
| Hiatal hernia | Congenital or traumatic protrusion of stomach through the diaphragm into the chest cavity |
| Pancreatitis | Inflammation of the pancreas |
| Pancreatic cancer | Cancer of the pancreas |
| Hematemesis | vomiting blood |
| melena | blood in feces |
| hematochezia | bright red blood in feces |
| perforate | a hole caused by ulceration |
| peritonitis | infectious organisms enter the membrane covering the internal organs |
| What is used to look at the upper GI | barium swallow |
| What is used to look at the lower GI | barium enema |
| Sigmoidoscopy | diagnostic examination of the interior of the sigmoid colon |
| What are the parts of the eye? | Sclera, Cornea, Iris, Pupil, Anterior chamber, Posterior chamber, Lens, Posterior cavity, posterior cavity, posterior sclera, choroid layer, retina |
| What is the sclera | white area covering the outside of the eye except over the pupil and iris |
| What is the Cornea | Clear tissue covering the pupil and iris |
| what is the Iris | round disk of smooth and radial muscles giving the eye its color |
| what is the Pupil | round opening in the iris that changes size as the iris racts to light and dark |
| What is the Anterior chamber | space between cornea and iris/pupil filled with clear fluid called aqueous humor |
| What is the posterior chamber | space between the iris and lens that is filled with aqueous humor |
| what is the lens | clear fibers enclosed in a membrane that refract and focus light to the retina |
| what is the posterior cavity | the space in the posterior part of the eyeball filled with thick, gelatinous material called vitreous humor |
| what is the posterior sclera | white opaque layer covering the posterior part of the eyeball |
| what is the choroid layer | the layer between the sclera and retina containing blood vessels |
| what is the retina | the inside layer of the posterior part of the eye that receives the light rays |
| What is Myopia | nearsightedness, light rays focus in front of the retina |
| what is hyperopia | farsightedness, light rays focus beyond the retina |
| presbyopia | light rays focus behind the retina |
| astigmatism | light rays focus on multible areas of the retina |
| what is the Snellen chart | it consists of the alphabet letters in various combinatins starting at the top with the large E and descending sized letters by line toward the bottom |
| What is the Jaeger chart | checking clear vision is a small card that is held by the patient between 14 and 16 inches from the eye. |
| What is the Ishihara test? | to check color vision |
| What is a ophthalmoscope? | instrument used to view inside patient's eye |
| What are the divided parts of the ear | external ear, middle ear, and the inner ear |
| What does the external ear include | The pinna(auricle) and the external auditory canal |
| What is the middle ear also called? | The tympanic cavity |
| What does the middle ear inclued? | three bones called, malleus(hammer), incus(anvil) and stapes(stirrup) next to the stapes is the oval window that leads to the inner ear |
| What does the inner ear inclued? | fluid-filled sterile space housing the vestibule, the semicircular canals, the round window, and the cochlea. This area is responsible for both hearing and equilibrium |
| What is the vestibule responsible for? | maintaining equilibrium |
| What is the semicircular canals do? | assist the body to adjust to changes in direction. This area can cause dizziness |
| What is the cochlea do? | organ of hearing |
| What is Cerumen? | it is ear wax |
| What is a myringotomy | a surgical incision into the tympanic membrane to remove accumulated fluid caused by infection |
| What is a FVC? | forced virtual capacity, which represents the volume of air that can be exhaled from the lung after the lung is filled |
| What is FEV? | forced expiration volume is the volume of gas forcibly exhaled from the lungs the first second of expiration |
| What is FEF | expiration flow, which is a measure on a volume-time curve |
| What is PEFR | peak expiratory flow rates, help determine the extent of a patient's asthma condition |
| What is a pulse oximetry | it evaluates the amount of oxygen saturation in the blood and shows it in a precent. it can be placed on earlobe, toe, finer, or bridge of the nose. |
| how many bones are in the appendicular skeleton? | 126 |
| how many bones are in the axial skeleton | 80 |
| Asthma | inflammation and spasm of the smooth muscle of the bronchi brought on by an allergen or emotional upset |
| bronchitis | Inflammation fo the bronchi, caused by viral or bacterial infection with a dry, painful cough, progressing to a productive cough of greenish yellow sputum |
| emphysema | enlargement of the alveoli due to lost elasticity, usually brought on by a long-time irritant |
| influenza | a viral infectin of various strains fo the upper respiratory tract |
| Laryngitis | Hoarseness, cough, aphonia cuased by infections from nose or throat |
| Nasal polyp | a tumor of the nose that can bleed easily |
| pharyngitis | inflammation of the pharynx caused by a bacteria, virus, or an irritant |
| Pleurisy | inflammation of the pleura caused by bacteria or viruses |
| Pneumonia | inflammation of the lungs cuased by bacteria, fungi, viruses, and chemical irritants |
| Tonsillitis | Inflammation of the tonsils usually caused by streptococcus |
| What is aphasia | inability to speak |
| What is SAC | short arm cast |
| Waht is LAC | long arm cast |
| What is LLC | Long and short leg casts |
| What is peripheral nerve | nervers away from spinal cord |
| How many cranial nerves are there? | 12 |
| What does cranial nerve I do? | aroma identification |
| what does cranial nerve II do? | visual acuity, visual fields, optic disk |
| what does cranial nerve III, IV, VI do? | extraocular eye muscles |
| what does cranial nerve V do? | sensations of the face, scalp, teeth |
| what does cranial nerve VII do? | facial expressions, taste |
| what does cranial nerve VIII do? | ear, hearing and equilibrium |
| what does cranial nerve IX and X do? | gag reflex, saliva secretion, voice, slowing of heartbeat |
| What does cranial nerve XI do? | neck and shoulder muscle |
| What does cranial nerve XII do? | tongue |
| Bell's palsy | paralysis of seventh cranial nerve caused by an acute inflammation. usually facial paralysis and pain |
| Epilepsy | episodes of seizures caused by changes in electrical brain potentials that result in disturbed brain impulses or function |
| meningitis | inflammation of the membranes of the spinal cord or brain. stiff neck, headache, anorexia and irregular fever |
| Multiple sclerosis | chronic progressive disease characterized by demyelination(destruction of nerve covering) of nerve fibers. |
| Parkinson's disease | a slowly progressive disease, usually occurring in later life, caused by degeneration of brain cells due to lack of dopamine in the brain. |
| What is measured in peds to frovide valuable info? | height(lenght), weight, and head circumference |
Created by:
Seanmorrone
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