Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
phleb I
Chapter 24 - Blood Collection Techniques
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| what is venous reflux & how can it occur | when the blood is able to re-enter the vein - can occur if the tubing of a butterfly is moved or poor positioning of pt's arm |
| where is the tourniquet placed | 3-4" above the antecubital space |
| Invert | gently mixing blood w/an additive in a figure 8 motion |
| what is the purpose of inverting | to mix the blood and additive appropriately and avoid microclots |
| why should you fill tubes with additives completely | so the blood & additive ratio is correct - otherwise the sample will be compromised |
| what are some reasons for a failed venipuncture | missed vein, poor needle placement, tube vacuum insufficient or expired, tourniquet is too tight or not tight enough |
| what is lipemia | abnormal amount of fat in the blood - will appear milky or cloudy |
| what is hemolysis and how can it occur | destruction of RBCs - releases hemoglobin into the liquid portion of the specimen. caused by shaking or dropping the tube |
| how to choose appropriate gauge needle | by vessel and placement of vein and how much blood is needed |
| what additive is in a lavender tube | EDTA |
| what does a lavender top tube test for | hemotology - RBCs, WBCs, WBC differential, platelets, hematocrit, hemoglobin |
| another term for butterfly needle | winged infusion kit |
| CLSI | Clinical Lab Standard Institute - formerly NCCLS - sets phlebotomy standards |
| what is the purpose of an additive | to preserve the integrity of the specimen and allow for accurate results |
| what is a hematoma | swelling or bruising resulting from an accumulation of blood (at the puncture site) - broken blood vessels under the skin |
| what is hemoconcentration | the plasma (H2O)seeps into the interstitial space so you have a higher concentration of formed elements |
| why does hemoconcentration occur | can occur if you leave the tourniquet on too long |
| why do you wipe away the first drop of blood in a capillary puncture | b/c it contains tissue fluid |
| another term for capillary puncture | skin or dermal puncture |
| what additive is in a light blue capped tube and what does it test | sodium citrate - coagulaton studies (fibrinogen and prothrombin) |
| what may occur if a vacuum tube is under filled | the blood to additive ratio will be off which can cause inaccurate results |
| gauge size for routine venipuncture | 21g |
| gauge size for adults with smaller veins or children | 22g |
| gauge size for children and difficult veins in adults | 23g = butterfly |
| gauge size for infants and premies | 25g |
| gauge size used with syringe | 20g |
| what is PST - what color tube | plasma separator tube - light/mint green or black and green marble |
| what tube is most commonly used for routine blood chemistry | SST - gold or red and black marble - contains thixotropic gel |
| what additive is a gray tube - what does it test for | potassium oxalate, & sodium floride - glucose |
| what additive is in mint/light green | lithium heparin with thixotropic gel |
| what additive is in dark green | sodium heparin |
| what tube is used for STAT chemistry tests | PST - mint/light green or green and black marble - contains thixotropic gel and lithium heparin |
| what is the difference between plasma and serum | plasma has clotting factors, serum doesn't |
| what is the purpose of the order of draw | to avoid cross contamination of additives |
| how should you position your pt for venipuncture | sitting upright with back support, feet flat on the ground, arm straight and down resting on something |
| blood chemistry | everything in the blood from birth i.e. hormones, lipids, glucose, proteins, enzymes, electrolytes, urea, lead, iron, prothrombin, fibrinogen, albumin,BUN, creatine, etc. |
| serology | typically what is in the blood not from birth i.e. vaccinations, antibodies, toxicology, illness |
| what tube would you use for a blood culture | sterile - need both anaerobic and aerobic broth |
| veins within antecubital space | median cubital, cephalic (thumb side), basilic (pinky side) |
| amber colored tube | used with photosensitive specimen |
| vacuum tube method | used for routine blood specimen due to quick draw and multiple tube collection |
| aliquot | portion of a specimen that is used for testing |
| anticoagulant | additive used to prevent clotting |
| found in PST and SST | thixotropic gel |
| EDTA | ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid |
| CBC | complete blood count |
| volumes most commonly used for blood collection | 2-10ml |
| capillary order of draw | EDTA, other additives such as heparin, SST, no additive tubes |
| transportation of tubes | upright position |
| capillary puncture | skin puncture method used to obtain small amounts of blood for testing; usually performed on fingertips |
| amount of time a tourniquet kept on | 60 seconds |
| plasma | liquid portion of whole blood that comes from a sample that contains an anticoagulant |
| venipuncture | puncture of a vein to collect blood |
| primary container | original container in which the specimen is collected |
| tourniquet | used to distend veins to assist with venipuncture |
| serum | liquid portion of blood that remains after blood has clotted |
| guage | diameter of the lumen of a needle |
| lancet | sterile disposable sharp-pointed blade used to puncture the skin to collect blood |
| evacuated tube | collection tube which contains a vacuum that facilitates collection of blood |
| constrict | narrowing of a blood vessel |
| NCCLS | National Committee of Clinical Laboratory Standards |
| microclot | small clots due to insufficient inverting |
| fainting | syncope |
| QNS | quantity not sufficient |
| optimal results | using the most appropriate tubes for the best possible results |
Created by:
gcjlentz
Popular Medical sets