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Ch. 9

The Executive Branch and the Federal Bureaucracy

QuestionAnswer
a set of complex hierarchical depts., agencies, commissions, and their staffs that exist to help a CEO carry out his/her duties. bureaucracy
jobs, grants, or other special favors that are given as rewards to friends & political allies for their support patronage
reform measure that created the Civil Service Commission to administer a partial merit system. It made it illegal for federal political appointees to be required to contribute to a particular political party Pendleton Act
an agency created by Congress that is generally concerned w/ a specific aspect of the economy independent regulatory commission
the system by which federal civil service jobs are classified into grades or levels, to which appointments are made on the basis of performance on competitive examinations merit system
law enacted to prohibit civil servants from taking activist roles in partisan campaigns Hatch Act (1939)
How has the Hatch Act changed since 1993? Federal employees are now allowed to run for office in nonpartisan elections & to contribute $ to campaigns in elections.
departments that are organized to foster and promote the interests of a given clientele clientele agencies
example of clientele agency Dept. of Agriculture, Dept. of VA
businesses established by Congress that perform functions that could be provided by private businesses government corporations
3 examples of government corporations USPS, TN Valley Authority (TVA), Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
governmental units that closely resemble a Cabinet dept. but have a narrower area of responsibility & are not part of any Cabinet dep't. independent executive agencies
3 examples of independent executive agencies CIA, NASA, EPA
agencies created by Congress to exist outside the major depts. to regulate a specific economic activity or interest Independent Regulatory Commissions
3 examples of independent regulatory commissions National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), the Federal Reserve Board, Federal Communications Commission (FCC), Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
the process by which a law or policy is put into operation by the bureaucracy implementation
a seemingly judicial process in which a bureaucratic agency settle disputes b/w two parties in a manner similar to the way courts resolve disputes administrative adjudication
helps w/ Congress' oversight of bureaucracy's financial affairs; tracks how $ is spent in bureaucracy General Accountability Office (GAO)
conducts oversight studies; helps Congress oversight of bureaucracy's financial affairs Congressional Budget Office (CBO)
often used to describe beginning of presidency; have negative connotation; replacing officials w/ loyalists spoils system
Mueller and Ashcroft warned the public of an eminent terrorist threat while Ridge completely downplayed it as he was out of the loop study question #1
bureaucracies are a rational way for complex societies to organize themselves. The points he made were essentially idealistic and is not found in real life Weber's theory of bureaucracies
1.8 mil civilian employees, 2 mil military, 800,000+ USPS size of the bureaucracy (in numbers)
post office provided pensions for vets; after civil war the ICC was created to regulate railroad freight charges study question #3
16th amendment provided $ to pay workers; New Deal created agencies like SS; GI Bill; War on Poverty study question #4
Veterans Affairs, Homeland Security, study question #5
VP, heads of depts, chief of staff, heads of agencies officials that are members of the Cabinet
Created by: OnChromebook
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