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Digestive System
H.I.T
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pharynx | Is the passageway that connects the oral cavity to the esophagus for the digestive system but also connects to the larynx. (Throat) |
| Tonsils | Are made up of lymphatic tissue and are considered the first line of defense for the respiratory system. |
| Nasopharynx | Is the part of the pharynx that is located posterior to the nasal cavity. |
| Nasopharyngeal tonsils | Also called the adenoids |
| Lingual tonsils | Located at the base of the tongue on the posterior surface |
| Palatine tonsils (tonsils) | Pair of tonsils comes off the soft palate to the base of the tongue |
| Pharyngoplasty | Surgical repair of the pharynx |
| Pharyngostomy | Surgical incision of the pharynx |
| Esophagus | Is a muscular structure that moves food from the pharynx to the stomach |
| Endoscopic procedure | Insertion of a flexible or rigid instrument used to view internal structures |
| Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) procedures | The scope is passed to view the esophagus and upper portion of the GI tract. |
| Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) | Is an endoscopic procedures that combines a retrograde cholangiography and a transhepatic cholangiography |
| Laparoscopy | A procedure using a scope which views the interior structures of the abdomen |
| Ligation | Ties or binds something together with catgut, cotton, wire, or silk |
| Manipulation | Is a maneuver by hand to treat or perform therapy |
| Dilation | Is performed when an expansion or stretching is necessary |
| Stomach | Is a pouchlike structure that aids in the breakdown and digestion of food |
| Gastrotomy | Surgical incision made into the stomach |
| Pyloromyotomy | The cutting of the pyloric muscle |
| Vagotomy | Surgical cutting of the vagus nerve with the intent of reducing acid secretions in the stomach |
| Gastric bypass surgery | Dividing the small bowel with anastomosis to the proximal stomach to bypass the major portion of the stomach |
| Bariatric surgery | Using bands and port insertion and is performed as a treatment of morbid obesity |
| Intestine | is a membranous tube that begins at the pyloric opening of the stomach and ends at the anus. |
| Small intestine | Begins at the pyloric opening sphincter and moves through the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and, the ileocecal sphincter |
| Large intestine | Begins with the cecem and the moves to the colon, rectum, and anus |
| Digestive system | The intake of nourishment, breakdown of food during digestion, absorption of nutrients, & elimination of waste products |
| Alimentary canal | Also known as the digestive system |
| BE | Barium enema |
| GERD | Gastroesophageal reflux disease |
| GI | Gastrointestinal |
| IBS | Inflammatory bowel syndrome |
| NPO | Nothing by mouth |
| PEG tube | Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube |
| SBF | Small bowel follow-through |
| TPN | Total parenteral nutrition |
| Vermilion | The pinkish border of the lips |
| V-excision | V-shaped cut |
| Cheiloplasty | Repair of the lips |
| Vestibule of the mouth | Mucosal tissue and submucosal tissue of the lips and cheeks |
| Lingual | Tongue |
| Sublingual | Under tongue |
| Frenum | Connection |
| Glossectomy | Partial or complete removal of the tongue |
| Tracheostomy | Surgical opening unto the trachea through the neck |
| Alveolus | Socket where the tooth sits |
| Palate | Roof of the mouth |
| Uvula | Located in the posterior border of the soft palate |
| Palatoplaty | Repair of the roof of the mouth |
| Pharyngeal flap | An incision through the soft palate to the posterior pharyngeal wall |
| Island flap | Made using subcutaneous tissue with nutrient vessels |
| Salivary glands | Secrete saliva, which contains an enzyme that aids in digestion |
| Parotid glands | Located in the front of the ear |
| Sublingual glands | Under the tongue |
| Submandibular glands | Found on the floor of the mouth |
| Ascending colon | Begins at the ileoccal junction at the undersurface of the liver |
| Transverse colon | Moves in a horizontal direction |
| Descending colon | Moves down the left side of the abdomen |
| Sigmoid colon | Connects to the rectum |
| Enterolysis | Freeing of the intestinal adhesions |
| Duodenotomy | Incision into the duodenum |
| Enterotomy | Incision into the intestines |
| Anastomosis | Surgically connecting two structures |
| Enteroenterostomy | Surgical anastomosis two parts of the intestine with the creation of an opening between the two areas. |
| Open coleectomy | Excision of all or part of the colon by making incision into the area |
| Meckel's diverticulum | Form of diverticulum of the ileum |
| Mesentery | Is the membranous attachment of an organ to the body wall |
| Appendix | Small, twisted, tubelike structure located at the blind end of the cecum |
| Rectum | Aids the removal of waste from the body |
| Proctosigmoidoscopy | Examination of the rectum into the sigmoid colon |
| Sigmoidoscopy | The endoscope is moved all the way through the rectum and sigmoid colon |
| Colonoscopy | Examination in the entire colon, from the rectum to the cecum |
| Liver | Filters red blood cells, stores essential vitamins, contains enzymes that break down poisons in the body, and produces bile that helps break down fats |
| Allotransplantation | Transplant that occurs between like species |
| Biliary tract | Composed of organs and ducts that are involved in the processing and movement of bile into the duodenum |
| Pancreas | Organ that located behind the stomach and is connected to the gallbladder and the liver |
| Abdomen | Area of the body that lies between the thorax and the pelvis |
| Peritoneum | Membranous lining of the abdomen |
| Omentum | Part of the peritoneum that connects the stomach to other structures of the abdomen |
| Hernia | Bulge through the tissue that normally contains the structure |
| Inguinal hernia | Bulging at the inguinal opening |
| Indirect inguinal hernia | Sac that extends through the inguinal ring and into the inguinal canal |
| Direct inguinal hernia | Protrudes into the abdominal wall |
| Hiatal hernia | Type of hernia that pushes the stomach upward into the mediastinal cavity through the diaphragm |
| Incisional hernia | Hernia that develops through a surgical scar or scar tissue |
| Strangulated hernia | Hernia that develops gangrene because the sac is tightly constricted |
| Ventral hernia | Hernia that protrudes through an abdominal scar where the abdominal wall is protected only by scar tissue |
| Accessory organs | Secondary organs |
| Pulp | Diseases of enamel |
| Pulpitis | Abscess of the pulp |
| Periapical abscess | Infection of the pulp and surrounding tissue |
| Geographic tongue | A condition in which irregularly shaped patches |
| Esophagitis | Inflammation of esophagus |
| Duodenum | Where small intestine begins |
| Jejunum | Middle portion of small intestine |
| ileum | Last part of small intestine |
| Cecum | Beginning of large intestine |
| Gastric ulcer | Occurs in stomach |
| Duodenal ulcer | Occurs in the upper part of small intestine |
| Peptic ulcer | Occurs in unspecified site |
| Gastrojejunal ulcer | Occurs in stomach and jejunum |
| Appendicitis | Inflammation of appendix |
| Enteritis | Inflammation of intestines |
| Colitis | Inflammation of colon |
| Crohn's disease AKA (Regional enteritis) | Inflammatory bowel disease |
| Ulcerative colitis | Affects the colon causing diarrhea |
| Diverticula AKA (Diverticulosis) | Abnormal pouches in the lining of intestines |
| Diverticulitis | Sacs becoming inflamed |
| Peritonitis | Inflammation of lining of abdominal cavity |
| Gallblabber | Found under liver |
| Cholecystitis | Inflammation of gallbladder |
| Formation of gallstones |
Created by:
diasiar
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