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Unit VI Part 4 & 5

QuestionAnswer
Classical economics (aka economic liberalism) -Strong believers in laissez-faire and very minimal government interference -Government should provide military protection, police protection, and public works too expensive for citizens
Thomas Malthus -Provided support for minimal government interference (Liberalism) -claimed the people achieve the without government interference, stating that government fixing poverty was impossible.
David Ricardo's "iron law of wages" -Provided support for Liberalism, adding to Malthus's claims -said that government interference in wages only interrupts the inevitable cycle of low and high wages.
John Stuart Mill -Liberalist philosopher strongly supporting equal rights and freedom of the individual. -strong proponent of women's rights, stating that the current way was strictly a practice with no logic.
On the subjection of Women -Book by liberal, John Mill, advocating male and female equality. -important work, referenced in 19th century women's rights movement.
Utopian socialism -The idea of a society of individuals without competition working for the common good -often considered impossible due to the impracticality of communal property and other ideas.
Charles Fourier's phalansteries -an untested method of communal living in a small building -suggested rotated tasks to help the common good of the community. -never created due to lack of funds
Robert Owen's New Lanark -A factory town in Scotland converted into community based on Utopian Socialism. -Owen's only successful attempt at a peaceful socialist society
Louis Blanc and Flora Tristan -Louis Blanc: a slightly capitalist Utopian socialism approach, in which the government provided finances for workshops managed by the people. -Flora Tristan: Female supporter of Utopian socialism and women's rights, believing the two went hand in hand. Community is impossible without equality.
France's July Revolution of 1830 -The conservative French Charles X issued edicts triggering liberal response. -Rebellion and barricades lead to the establishment of Louis-Philippe as king of France
parties of Movement and Resistance -two parties with different opinions on the Bourgeois monarch (under king Louis-Philippe) -Party of Movement: Wanted adjustments to Bourgeois Monarch, such as a foreign policy, -Party of Resistance: believed current government was perfect and needed no change
Reform Act of 1832 -Act passed in Britain to adjust to the growing middle class -Removed rotten Burroughs and gave representation to upper middle class; still no representation in lower middle class
revolutions of 1848 -Explosion of revolutions across Europe initiated by revolution in Rome -Including ones in Hungary, Italy, and Germany which all had no lasting effect
France's Second Republic -Republic created in France after the end of the Bourgeois Monarch -Had elected representatives, a unicameral legislature, and male suffrage
Frankfurt Assembly -an assembly consisting of delegates (elected by universal male suffrage) representing different countries in the Germanic confederation. -Wanted to unite Germany as a country, but failed when Austria and Prussia withdrew
Louis Kossuth -A liberal Hungarian who wanted a legislature to be added to the Austrian empire -Hungary ended up leaving the Austrian empire, and only connection to Austria was Habsburg dynasty -interference placed them back in the Austrian Empire
Giuseppe Mazzini and Young Italy -Mazzini became the Italian Risorgimento, and founded Young Italy -young Italy was a group with the goal to create a united Italian republic, but failed due to Austrian intervention
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