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Urinary System
Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Arteriole | Small artery |
| Calciferol | Active form of vitamin D, secreted by the kidney |
| Calyx or Calix (plural: Calyces or Calices) | Cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis |
| Catheter | Tube for injecting or removing fluids |
| Cortex | Outer region of an organ |
| Creatinine | Nitrogenous waste excreted in urine |
| Electrolyte | Chemical element that carries an electrical charge that dissolved in water |
| Erythropoietin (EPO) | Hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate that production of red blood cells by bone marrow |
| Filtration | Process whereby some substances, but not all, pass through a filter |
| Glomerular Capsule | Enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus |
| Glomerulus (Plural: Glomeruli) | Tiny ball of capillaries (microscopic blood vessels) in the kidney |
| Hilum | Depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave |
| Kidney | One of two bean-shaped organs on either side of the backbone in the lumbar region |
| Meatus | Opening or canal |
| Medulla | Inner region of an organ |
| Nephron | Combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place in the kidney |
| Nitrogenous Waste | Substance containing nitrogen and excreted urine |
| Potassium (K+) | Electrolyte regulated by the kidney so that a proper concentration is maintained within the blood |
| Reabsorption | Process whereby renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream |
| Renal Artery | Blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney |
| Renal Pelvis | Central collecting region in the kidney |
| Renal Tubule | Microscopic tube in he kidney where urine is formed after filtration |
| Renal Vein | Blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart |
| Renin | Hormone secreted by the kidney; it raises blood pressure by influencing vasoconstriction (narrowing of the blood vessels) |
| Sodium (Na+) | Electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys; needed for proper transmission of nerve impulses, heart activity, and other metabolic functions |
| Trigone | Triangular area in the urinary bladder |
| Urea | Major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine |
| Ureter | One of the two tubes leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder |
| Urethra | Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body |
| Uric Acid | Nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine |
| Urinary Bladder | Hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine |
| Urination (Voiding) | Process of expelling urine; also call micturition |
Created by:
gallo.mandy
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