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A & P 102 test 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a by-product of protein metabolism | Urea |
| Blood circulating to the heart itself returns to the right atrium via what structures | coronary sinus |
| what role does the pancreas plan in digestion | neutralize stomach acid by producing bicarbonate |
| what hormone directly stimulates testosterone production in testes and ovulation in the ovaries | luteinizing hormone LH |
| when the diaphragm contracts what happens | 1) diaphragm moves down, expanding the thoracic cavity 2) the pressure within the lungs decreases |
| Which duct connects directly to the gallbladder | cystic duct |
| what molecule is required to make t3 and t4 in the thyroid | iodine |
| Lymph fluid is filtered out of the blood vessels due to----- pressure | osmotic & hydrostatic |
| which vein carries the majority of blood from the brain/head? | internal jugular vein |
| which sections of the small intestines empties into the cecum | ileum |
| the last section of the large intestines | sigmoid |
| what blood glucose is too high, what hormone is released and by which organ | insulin, pancreas |
| what vitamin is required for normal vision | Vitamin A |
| which nerve innervates the diaphragm and causes it to contract | phrenic |
| the conduction system of the heart would progree from the SA node to.. | AV Node, AV bundle, Bundle branches, purkenji fibers |
| What does the medulla sense to control the rate of respiration? | pH |
| What is the function of the hypophyseal portal system | Carry hormones from the hypothalamus to the pituitary directly |
| The internal anal sphincter is composed of what? | smooth muscle |
| what blood vessels are direct branches from the aorta | left subclavian, left common carotid, brachiocephalic trunk |
| what is the function of Anti-duiretic hormone? | increase permeability for water in the distal convoluted tubule |
| within the kidney, what structure is composed of leaky capillaries that filter our fluid from the blood | glomerulus |
| The trachea splits at the carina into what two structures | right and left bronchus |
| which hormone stimulates the production of more platelets | thrombopoietin |
| which cell type will cause an inflammatory response by releasing histamine | mast cells |
| Name the lymphatic drainage duct | cisterna chyli |
| Within a renal loop, the descending loops is permeable to..... while the ascending loop is permeable to... | water, ions |
| which while blood cell enters tissues and becomes a mast cell | basophil |
| what structure carries urine from the kidneys to the bladders | uterers |
| the abdominal aorta splits directly into what two major arteries to supply blood to the legs | Right and left iliac arteries |
| what action does Anti-diurectic hormone have on the proximal convoluted tubule | nothing |
| The average lifespan of a red blood cell is how long | 120 days |
| what structure releases oxytocin | posterior pituitary |
| the structure of an antibody includes | heavy chain, light chain, disulfide bonds, variable regions |
| what hormones are steriod hormones | estrogen, testosterone, progestrone |
| which organ controls red blood cell production by releasing erythropoietin | kidneys |
| what blood vessels brand directly off the celiac trunk | hepatic artery, splenic artery, left gastric artery |
| the circle of willis contains what arteries. | Anterior cerebral artery (left and right) Anterior communicating artery Internal carotid artery (left and right) Posterior cerebral artery (left and right) Posterior communicating artery (left and right) |
| what by-product of red blood cell destruction can cause jaundice? | bilirubin |
| Which white blood cell with a multi-lobed nucleus is the most prevalent type of white blood cell | neutrophil |
| what cell release the hormone calcitonin | parafolicular |
| what is released by the stomach | pepsinogen, hydrochoric acid |
| what hormones are produced by the pancrease | insulin, glycogen, somatostatin |
| when blood calcium is low, which hormone will be released and stimulate osteoclasts to release calcium from bone tissue. | parathyroid hormone |
| what conditions can result from using fats as energy for extended periods | ketoacidosis |
| which white blood cell will become B-cells and T-cells | lymphocytes |
| which salivary glad sits near the ear and masseter muscle | parotid |
| the proximal convoluted tubules is permeable for which substances | water & glucose |
| where is bile produced | liver |
| white blood cells and platelets account for approximately how much of the total volume of blood | 1% |
| what structure closes off the trachea during swallowing | epiglottis |
| type II diabetes is caused by | a lack of insulin receptors on cells |
| which valves will be closed during systole | mitral & tricuspid |
| a renal papilla empties into which structure | minor calyx |
| what is the oxygen carrying protein in a red blood cell | hemoglobin |
| what muscles prevent valves from prolapsing in the heart | papillary muscles |
| which part of the small intestines receives bile from the bile duct | duodenum |
| what blood vessels surround a nephron and absorb filtrate and ions that leak from the nephron? | vasa recta |
| what structure shunts blood from the right atrium to the left atrium in a fetal hearts | foramen ovale |
| that cells produce sperm in the testest | follicular cells |
| what the small holes in the capillaries of a nephron | fenestrations |
| what is important for ATP production | magnesium |
| between which two layers of the pericardium is pericardial fluid found | visceral pericardium and parietal pericardium |
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Miccimouse
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