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ANAT & PHYS I

ANAT & PHYS I: FINAL EXAM

QuestionAnswer
the study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another Anatomy
the study of the function of the body Physiology
study of tissues HISTOLOGY
Levels of Structural Organization Chemical,cellular,tissue,organ,organ system, organism
Composed of the skin, sweatglands, oil glands, hair, andnails Protects deep tissues frominjury and synthesizes vitamin D Integumentary System
Site of blood cell formation,Stores minerals Skeletal System
Maintains posture,produces heat, Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression. Muscular System
Responds to stimuli by activating muscles and glands, Is the fast-acting controlsystem of the body. Nervous system
Composed of red bone marrow,thymus, spleen, lymph nodes,and lymphatic vessels. Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood. Lymphatic System
Composed of kidneys, ureters,urinary bladder, and urethra. Regulates water, electrolyte,and pH balance of the blood. Urinary system
ability to maintain a relatively stableinternal environment in an ever-changing outside world Homeostasis
system where the output shuts offthe original stimulus Example: Regulation of room temperature negative feedback
system where the output enhances or exaggerates the original stimulusExample: Regulation of blood clotting positive feedback
toward and away from the head, respectively Superior and inferior
away from the midline lateral
cuts made diagonally Oblique section
divides the body into anterior and posterior parts Frontal or coronal
Ventral cavity houses the internal organs (viscera),and is divided into two subdivisions Thoracic,Abdominopelvic
Thoracic cavity is subdivided into two pleural cavities the mediastinum,and pericardial
contains the pericardial cavity;surrounds the remaining thoracic organs mediastinum
unique substances that cannot be broken down by ordinary chemical means elements
The nucleus consists of neutrons and protons
equal to the number of protons Atomic number
average of the mass numbers of all isotopes Atomic weight
atoms with same number of protons but a different number of neutrons Isotope
two or more different kinds of atoms chemically bonded together Compound
two or more components physically intermixed (not chemically bonded) Mixtures
homogeneous mixtures of components Solutions
No chemical bonding takes place in mixtures
All compounds are homogeneous
Compounds cannot be separated by physical means
Properties of Water: is an important part of hydrolysis anddehydration synthesis reactions reactivity
Contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Their major function is to supply a source ofcellular food Carbohydrates
Examples: Neutral fats, Phospholipids, steroidsEicosanoids LIPIDS
modified triglycerides with twofatty acid groups and a phosphorus group Phospholipids
Macromolecules composed of combinations of 20types of amino acids bound together with peptide bonds PROTEINS
release H+ and are therefore proton donors Acids
release OH– and are proton acceptors bases
Reversible unfolding of proteins due to drops in PH ,increased temperature
Body coverings: skin,Body linings: serous membrane,Glandular tissue: tonsils Epithelial Tissues
Epithelial Tissues Functions: Protection, Absorption, filtration, Secretion
Cartilage, Bone, blood Connective Tissue
Functions of Connective Tissue Binding and support, Protection, insulationTransportation
Functions of the: Metabolic functions – synthesis of vitamin D indermal blood vessels, Protection – chemical, physical, and mechanical barrier Integumentary System
Cells undergo rapid division (mitosis), hence its alternate name, stratum germinativum Stratum Basale, Basal Layer
Least malignant and most common skin cancer Basal Cell Carcinoma
Estimates the severity of burns Rule of Nines
Rule of Nines: There are third-degree burns on face, hands, or feet
Rule of Nines: Over 25% of the body has second-degree burns
Rule of Nines: Over 10% of the body has third-degree burns
Created by: ascpstudent100
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