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Urinary System
UA/Micro - Chapter 15
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| kidney | bean shaped organ located on either side of veterbral column at the back of the abdominal cavity - removes waste products from blood, produce and eliminate urine |
| ureter | muscular tube lined with mucus membranes that run from each kidney to the bladder |
| urninary bladder | hollow muscular sac located in the pelvic cavity that serves as a temporary reservoir for urine |
| urethra | mucus membrane lined tube that leads from the bladder to the exterior of the body |
| meatus | external opening of the urethrac |
| calyx | cup-shaped division of the renal pelvis through which urine passes from the renal tubules |
| glomerulus | ball shaped collection of very thin coiled and intertwined capillaries |
| Bowman's capsule | double walled cup-shaped end of a renal tubule containing a glomerulus aka renal capsule/glomerural capsule |
| urination | act of eliminating urine from the body |
| voiding | act of eliminating urine from the body |
| micturition | act of eliminating urine from the body |
| BUN | bladder, urea, nitrogen |
| cystoscope | instrument to view the interior of the bladder |
| nephron | functional unit of the kidney - forms urine by process filtration, reabsorption and elimination |
| dysuria | painful unrination |
| pyelonephritis | bacterial infection (inflammation) of the renal pelvis |
| nocturia | excessive urination at night - wake up to have to pee |
| enuresis | urinary incontinence at night - bed wetting |
| urinary retention | abnormal involuntary accumulation of urine in the bladder - inability to empty the bladder |
| urinary incontinence | inability to control urination or retain urine in the bladder |
| hemodialysis | process of removing excess fluids and toxins the blood by shunting (in the arm) the patients blood from the body into a dialysis machine |
| peritoneal dialysis | tube inserted into the peritoneal membrane to filter and cleanse the blood of waste products - using one's one body rather than a machine |
| cystitis | inflammation of the bladder |
| albuminuria | large quantities of protein in the urine (same as proteinuria) |
| proteinuria | large quantities of protein in the urine (same as albuminuria) |
| pyuria | presence of white blood cells in the urine - pus in the urine |
| bacteriuria | presence of bacteria in the urine |
| filtration | takes place in the nephron - involves glomerulus and Bowman's capsule - removal of toxins |
| reabsorption | takes place in the nephron - after filtration water, sugar and salts are returned to the bloodstream |
| oliguria | scanty urine output |
| nephrolithiasis | kidney stones aka renal calculus |
| renal artery | supplies blood to the kidneys |
| renal vein | carries blood away from the kidney |
| cortex | outer layer of a body organ or structure - outer layer of kidney |
| medulla | most internal part of an organ - inner layer of the kidney |
| renal pelvis | central collecting part of the kidney that narrows into the ureter |
Created by:
gcjlentz
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