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Urinary System

UA/Micro - Chapter 15

TermDefinition
kidney bean shaped organ located on either side of veterbral column at the back of the abdominal cavity - removes waste products from blood, produce and eliminate urine
ureter muscular tube lined with mucus membranes that run from each kidney to the bladder
urninary bladder hollow muscular sac located in the pelvic cavity that serves as a temporary reservoir for urine
urethra mucus membrane lined tube that leads from the bladder to the exterior of the body
meatus external opening of the urethrac
calyx cup-shaped division of the renal pelvis through which urine passes from the renal tubules
glomerulus ball shaped collection of very thin coiled and intertwined capillaries
Bowman's capsule double walled cup-shaped end of a renal tubule containing a glomerulus aka renal capsule/glomerural capsule
urination act of eliminating urine from the body
voiding act of eliminating urine from the body
micturition act of eliminating urine from the body
BUN bladder, urea, nitrogen
cystoscope instrument to view the interior of the bladder
nephron functional unit of the kidney - forms urine by process filtration, reabsorption and elimination
dysuria painful unrination
pyelonephritis bacterial infection (inflammation) of the renal pelvis
nocturia excessive urination at night - wake up to have to pee
enuresis urinary incontinence at night - bed wetting
urinary retention abnormal involuntary accumulation of urine in the bladder - inability to empty the bladder
urinary incontinence inability to control urination or retain urine in the bladder
hemodialysis process of removing excess fluids and toxins the blood by shunting (in the arm) the patients blood from the body into a dialysis machine
peritoneal dialysis tube inserted into the peritoneal membrane to filter and cleanse the blood of waste products - using one's one body rather than a machine
cystitis inflammation of the bladder
albuminuria large quantities of protein in the urine (same as proteinuria)
proteinuria large quantities of protein in the urine (same as albuminuria)
pyuria presence of white blood cells in the urine - pus in the urine
bacteriuria presence of bacteria in the urine
filtration takes place in the nephron - involves glomerulus and Bowman's capsule - removal of toxins
reabsorption takes place in the nephron - after filtration water, sugar and salts are returned to the bloodstream
oliguria scanty urine output
nephrolithiasis kidney stones aka renal calculus
renal artery supplies blood to the kidneys
renal vein carries blood away from the kidney
cortex outer layer of a body organ or structure - outer layer of kidney
medulla most internal part of an organ - inner layer of the kidney
renal pelvis central collecting part of the kidney that narrows into the ureter
Created by: gcjlentz
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