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GOV A FINAL 2016
Mr. Stickler's Gov. A (2nd Hr.) 1st Semester Final Flashcards 2016
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which House of Representatives committee is the "oldest & most powerful"? Give one (1) example of why it is so powerful. | The House Rules Committee. It is so powerful because this committee decides what happens to Bills after they leave their assigned committee. (CH. 5) |
| List one (1) of the two (2) reasons why membership on a Congressional committee can strengthen a member's career. | 1.) It can help the legislator get re-elected; 2.) Legislators have a chance to make decisions on Bills that effect national policies. |
| Who is the "2nd in command" in the House of Representatives? | The "2nd in command" in the House of Representatives is the House Majority Leader. (CH. 5) |
| What are the two (2) basic ideas behind Social Contract Theory? | 1. People surrender to the state the power needed to maintain order; 2. The state agrees to use that power to protect its citizens. Pg. 8 |
| What is the purpose of having a "preamble" in a constitution? | It sets the goals and purposes to be served by the government. Pg. 13 |
| What was the main idea in James Madison's articles he titled "The Federalist Papers"? | The main idea was that special interest groups might be SO powerful that they would get in the way of the normal operation of a government. If this happened, it would difficult to launch the new gov. in the United States in the 1700's. Pg. 15. |
| What is the main difference between Thomas Hobbes' ideas about Social Contract Theory versus John Locke? | The main difference is that Thomas Hobbes believed that the people must honor the unwritten Social Contract with their government - even if the government failed to protect them; Locke believed the people could break it if that happened. Pg. 8 |
| What weakened the Articles of Confederation? | Each state had no intention of giving up its sovereignty. |
| What was the Magna Carta? | The term means "Great Charter". It "provided the basis for limited government in which the power of the monarch (government) was limited, not absolute". (Pgs. 35 & 36) |
| What was/is the Mayflower Compact? | The first set of written laws in the "New World". |
| What did the Stamp Act of 1765 do that angered Colonists? | It was the first direct tax Great Britain imposed on the Colonists. |
| What was the Federalist's position in relation to the new Constitution in 1788? | This political group favored the new Constitution. Their support came from merchants and others living in cities and coastal regions. (Pg. 56) |
| What was the Anti-Federalist's position in relation to the new Constitution in 1877? | This political group opposed the new Constitution. Their support came mostly from inland farmers, laborers, and those who feared a strong central (federal) government. (Pg. 56) |
| What did the Supreme Court case "Marbury vs. Madison" establish? | It established the idea of "judicial review". (Pg. 66 - 67) |
| What are the 5 major Principles of the Constitution? | Popular Sovereignty, Federalism, Separation of Powers, Checks & Balances, Judicial Review, and Limited Government. (Pg. 65) |
| Who does the "elastic clause" give power to and what power does it grant? | Gives congress the right to make all laws that are "necessary and proper" to carry out the powers expressed in the other clauses of Article 1. (Pg. 69) |
| What's the difference between political liberals and conservatives? | Liberals tend to support activism (by the Supreme Court), while conservatives support judicial restraint). (Hannah; SQR2) |
| What does the "Preamble" of the Constitution state? | It states the reason why the Constitution was written. (Pg. 63) |
| What does Article IV, Section 2 say? | That all fugitives who flee a state where they commit a crime shall be returned to the state from which they fled by any state who catches the fugitives. |
| What is meant by "full faith and credit"? | Each state must recognize the laws & legal proceedings of the other states. |
| Who is responsible for "extraditing" fugitive criminals back to the state they escaped from? | The governor. |
| What is the purpose of the Enabling Act? | This allows territories that are interested in joining the U.S. to begin preparing a constitution. |
| What are two (2) ways that Constitutional Amendments can be proposed and approved ("ratified") | 1. by a national convention called for by 2/3's of the states; 2. approval by 2/3's of the members of Congress. (Ch. 3) |
| What is the purpose of the "preamble" to the United States Constitution | This term refers to the introduction to the Constitution. This part of the Constitution states why the Constitution was written. (Pg. 63) |
| What did the Supreme Court rule in the case of "Engel vs. Vitale"? | The Supreme Court ruled that the prayer written for schools in New York by the New York Board of Regents was unconstitutional because "it is no part of the business of government to compose official prayers". (Pg. 361) |
| What did the Supreme Court rule in the case of "Gitlow vs. New York | The Supreme Court ruled that freedom of speech is a basic right that no state government can deny to any person. (Pg. 357) |
| What did the Supreme Court rule in the case of "Everson vs. Board of Education"? | The Supreme Court ruled that New Jersey's law allowing the state to pay for busing students to parochial schools was Constitutional because it benefited students rather than aided a religion directly. (Pg. 359) |
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