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GOV B FINAL 2016
Mr. Stickler's Gov. B (6th Hr.) 1st Semester Final Flashcards 2016
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the purpose of an Enabling Act? | The purpose of this type of Act is - once it is signed by the president - to allow the people of a territory that is interested in becoming a state to prepare a constitution. (Pg. 99) |
| What do people who hold a "states' rights" position believe about the U.S. Constitution? | This view holds that the Constitution is a compact among the states. They also argue that the states created the national government and gave it only limited powers. (Pg. 107) |
| What do people who hold a "nationalist" position believe about the federal government? | They deny that the national government is an agent of the states. They say this because they point out that it was individual people-not states-who created the national government & the states. (Pg. 107) |
| What happens during an "arraignment"? | The judge reads the formal charges to the defendant and/or his or her lawyer enters a plea of "guilty" or "not guilty". |
| What is an "affidavit"? | These are written statements of fact, signed before a notary public or some other authority who has the power to witness an oath. (Notes-Not in our books.) |
| What is an "affidavit of probable cause"? | This is an affidavit written by a police officer or other "ward of the court" asking a judge to issue an arrest or search warrant. (Notes-Not in our books.) |
| What did the U.S. Supreme Court rule in the case of "Engle vs. Vitale"? | In this case, the Supreme Court ruled that the government ". . . can have no part in composing prayers." (Pg. 361) |
| List two (2) strengths of the Articles of Confederation. | 1.) Congress could make war & peace; 2.) Congress could establish post offices. |
| List two (2) weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation. | 1.) Congress could not impose taxes; 2.) Congress could not regulate trade. |
| What does Article IV (4), Section II (2) of the U.S. Constitution state? | This article & section states that fugitives who escape from prison must be returned to the state where they committed the crime. |
| What does the term "Magna Carta" mean? | This term means "Great Charter". (Pg. 35) |
| How did the passage of the Magna Carta in Great Britain effect the English political system? | Its passage changed ideas about the British monarchy by stating that the power of the monarch (i.e. the king or queen) was limited, not absolute. (Pg. 36) |
| What does the term "expatriation" mean/refer to? | This term relates to the idea that a person voluntarily gives up their citizenship (usually to become a citizen of another country). |
| What does the term "denaturalization" mean/ refer to? | This term relates to the idea that a person can lose their citizenship if they join a Communist or totalitarian regime, they cheat on the citizenship test & it is discovered, or if they commit an act of terrorism against the U.S. (Notes + Pg. 396) |
| Which House of Representatives committee is the "oldest and most powerful"? What is one (1) reason it is so powerful? | The House Rules Committee. It is so powerful because this committee decides the fate of Bills once they leave their assigned committee. (Ch. 5) |
| List one (1) of the two (2) reasons why membership on a Congressional committee can strengthen a member's career. | 1.) It can help increase their chances of getting re-elected; 2.) Members have a chance to make decisions on Bills that effect national policies. |
| Who is the "2nd in command" in the House of Representatives? | The "2nd in command" of the House of Representatives is the House Majority Leader. (Ch. 5) |
| Where in the U.S. Constitution do we find the powers denied to Congress? | Article 1, Section 9. |
| What does the term "quorum" mean/refer to? | This term refers to the minimum number of members that must be present in a legislative body in order for official action to take place. |
| Who is the "day-to-day" leader of the U.S. Senate? | The President Pro Tempore. |
| What does the 12th Amendment relate to? | This Amendment relates to the electoral college. It requires that the electors cast separate ballots for president and vice president. Also, the House of Representatives chooses the president if there is a tie in the electoral college vote. (Pg. 221) |
| What does the term "executive orders" mean/relate to? | This term relates to rules that the president can make that have the "force of law". The president passes these to spell out the details of policies and programs that Congress enacts. (Pg. 253) |
| What does the 22nd Amendment relate to? | This amendment relates to term limits for the president. A President can only serve two terms in office. If a Vice President takes over the presidency & serves 2 yrs or less, they can serve 2 additional terms. (Pg. 214) |
| List three (3) of the six (6) major principles of the United States Constitution. | 1. Popular Sovereignty; 2. Federalism; 3. Separation of Powers; 4. Checks & Balances; 5. Judicial Review; 6. Limited Government. (Pgs. 65 - 67) |
| What are the three (3) purposes of the committee system we learned about in Chapter 5? | The three (3) purposes are: 1.) Allows workload to be divided among all Congress members; 2.) Committees select the few Bills that are to receive further consideration; 3.) Helps the public learn about important issues. (Pg. 141) |
| What is the "necessary & proper" clause? | This clause states that Congress has powers beyond those expressed in Article 1, Section 8, Clauses 1 - 17. They are called this because they give Congress whatever powers are "necessary & proper" to carry out its other powers. (Pg. 157) |
| What is the main difference between Thomas Hobbes' ideas about Social Contract Theory versus John Locke? | The main difference is that Thomas Hobbes believed that the people must honor the unwritten Social Contract with their government - even if the government failed to protect them; Locke believed the people could break it if that happened. (Pg. 8) |
| Name the 4 Theories of the Origin of the State. | 1. Evolutionary Theory, 2. Force Theory, 3. Divine Right Theory, and the 4. Social Contract Theory. (Pg. 8) |
| What are the three (3) ways that we can describe the relationship between a nation's central government and its smaller government divisions (this is called a Government System)? | 1. Unitary System where all key powers rest with the national gov., 2. Federal System where powers are divided between the national gov. & state or provincial govs., 3. A Confederacy, where the smaller gov. units hold the most power. (Pg.12) |
| Where, in the Constitution, can we find a listing of the powers granted to the president? | We can find these in Article II (2), Sections 2 and 3. |
| What does the term "bicameral" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to the fact that the legislative branch of our government has two houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives. |
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