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Fungal Infections
Infectious Disease
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Fungal arthritis etiology | often immunocompromised pts; chronic indolent course; endemic dimorphic fungi in gardeners / occupations w/exp to soil |
| Fungal arthritis: Candida: RFs | surg procedures, joint injections, critical illness (knee, hip or shoulder); IVDUs: spine, SI joints |
| Fungal arthritis: non-candida agents: | Aspergillus, Cryptococcus, Pseudallescheria, dematiaceous fungi |
| In patients with asthma or CF. Thick brown tenacious mucus plugs in sputum | Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis |
| Aspergilloma occurs when: | Fungus colonizes existing cavitary pulmonary lesions. Often invades blood vessels and may present with hemoptysis |
| Disseminated aspergillosis sx/sx | In immunocompromised pt. Pleuritic chest pain, cough, necrotic skin lesions, tissue infarction, wound infections, brain abscesses |
| Dimorphic fungus infecting men in water, by inhalation of mold from rotting wood & soil: | Blastomycosis |
| Blastomyces is found where? | SE, central, & midwest US |
| Common forms of Blastomycosis | Pulmonary most common. Hematogenous usually bone, skin, GU |
| Verrucous, crusted, or ulcerated skin lesions leave a central scar with healing in: | Blastomycosis |
| Coccidioides pathology | Inhalation of highly infectious athroconida (hyphae of the mold form). Common opportunist in HIV patients |
| Coccidiomycosis clinical features | Resp sxs, pulmonary cavitations & abscesses. pain/swelling of knees & ankles, erythema nodosum. |
| People most often affected by Coccidiomycosis / disseminated infection: | African Americans, Filipinos, PG women |
| Respiratory infection from pigeon & other bird droppings in immunocompromised patients | Cryptococcus |
| Cryptococcus clinical features | HA first sx of meninoencephalitis; papilledema. Resp infxns often asymptomatic. 95% of HIV patients are positive |
| Dimorphic fungus in soil contaminated with bat/bird droppings in Ohio & Mississippi River valleys | Histoplasmosis |
| Histoplasmosis clinical features | Resembles flu. Acute dz 9often epidemic): 1-6 weeks, fever & prostration. |
| Diffuse PNA on CXR with few pulmonary symptoms = | Histoplasmosis |
| Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis clinical features: | Involves all organs & is usually fatal. Fever, SOB, wt loss, HSM, bloody diarrhea. |
| Chronic progressive pulmonary histoplasmosis occurs in: | Older patients with COPD |
| Dermatophytosis organisms | Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton spp; most common = Trichophyton rubrum |
Created by:
Abarnard
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