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blood vessels and blood circulation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| type of blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart | arteries |
| arteriole | small subdivisions of the arteries;they carry blood into the capillaries |
| capillary | tiny thin walled vessels that allow for exchanges between systems;connect arteries to venules |
| capillaries | blood vessels with the thinest walls |
| to what organs does the pulmonary circuit deliver blood | lungs |
| 3 types of vessels found in pulmonary circulation | pulmonary artery and its branches,capillaries in the lungs,Pulmonary veins |
| type of blood vessel that has 3 layers,one of which is thick and muscular thats seperated by elastic tissue | arteries |
| most inferior portion of the aorta | abdominal aorta |
| what arteries supply the heart musscles | right and left coronary artery |
| what artery supplys blood to the intestine | mesenteric artery |
| paired lateral branches of the abdominal aorta | phrenic,suparenal,renal,ovarian,testicular,lumbar |
| what arteries supply the diaphram | phrenic arteries |
| the abdominal aorta divides into what 2 arteries | common iliac arteries |
| external iliac arteries continue into the thigh as what arteries | femoral and popliteal |
| what part of the body do carotid arteries supply | head and upper neck |
| first branch of the subclavin arteries | vertebral artery |
| anastomosis | communication between 2 vessels |
| purpose of an arterial anastomosis | blood reaches vital organs by more than one route |
| what is superficial palmar arch formed by the union of | radial and ulnar arteries in hand |
| 3 largest superficial veins in the arm | cephalic,basilic,median cubital |
| longest veins in the body | saphenous veins |
| what veins drain the areas supplies by the carotid arteries | jugular veins |
| what vein is formed by the union of the subclavin and jugular veins | brachiocephalic vein |
| would a blood cell going from the left thumb to the heart pass through the jugular vein | no |
| what part of the body does the superior vena cava drain | head,neck and upper extremities and chest |
| what does the azygos vein drain and where does it empty | drains the veins of chest wall and empties into the superior vena cava |
| where do the lumbar veins drain | inferior vena cava |
| what is venous sinus | a large channel that drains deoxygenated blood,but does not have the usually tubular structure of the veins |
| list the cranial venous sinuses | carernous,petrosal,superior sagittal and transverse(lateral) |
| what sinuses drain the opthalmic veins | cavernous sinuses |
| in portal system blood circulates through what befor returning to the heart | a 2nd capillary bed |
| in hepatic portal system,the veins that drain the blood from the spleen,stomach,pancreas and intestine deliver blood to what organ instead of the inferior vena cava | liver |
| what is the main process by which substances move between cells and the capillary blood | diffusion |
| what kind of pressure draws fluid back into the capillary | osmotic pressure |
| what maintains osmotic pressure | plasma proteins which are too large to go through the cappillay wall |
| vaso constriction | decrease in a blood vessels diameter,causing a decrease in blood flow |
| what does the precapillary sphincter do when the tissues need more oxygen | widens to allow more blood to enter |
| 3 mechanisms that promote the blood to the heart | contraction of skeletal muscle,valves,breathing |
| the pulse is obtained most commonly by the | radial artery |
| what fingers should be used to check pulse | 2nd and 3rd finger |
| is the pulse faster in men or women | women |
| will a newborn have a fast or slow pulse | fast |
| what effect will increased blood viscosity have on blood pressure | increased blood viscosity will increase blood pressure |
| what instrument is used to measure blood pressure | sphygmomanometer |
| blood pressure is reported as systolic pressure first,followed by what | diastolic pressure |
| what pressure occurs during relaxation of the heart muscle | diastolic pressure |
| hypertension | high blood pressure |
| essential hypertension | no apparent medical cause |
| how does renin raise blood pressure | by causing blood vessels to constrict and promotes kidneys retention of salt and water |
| arteriosclerosis | harding of the arteries |
| aneurysm | bulging sac in the wall of a blood vessel caused by a localized weakness in that part of the vessel |
| what artery may be pressed to stop hemorrahage on the side of the face and around the ear | temporal artery |
| what artery may be pressed to avoid hemmorage of the lower extremity | femoral artery |
| embolus | a peice of the clot that becomes loose and floats in the blood |
| phlebitis | inflamation of the vein |
| cardiogenic shock | often complication of heart muscle damage,as occurs in myocardial infarction.it is the leading cause of shock death |
| septic shock | usally the result of a overwhelming bacterial infection |
| hypovolemic shock | caused by a decrease in the volume of circulating blood and may follow severe hemorage or burns |
| anaphylactic shock | a severe allergic reaction to foreign substances to which the person has been sensitized |
Created by:
cornejo
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