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UA/micro ch 22

ch 22 ortho; rehab;PT

QuestionAnswer
adult skeleton consist of how many bones? 206
the five primary functions of the bones support; protect internal organs; anchor for muscles to enable movement; storage for minerals; site for blood cell formation
skeleton has two major divisions appendicular and axial
appendicular skeleton is consisted of 126 bones: shoulder; arms; wrists; hands; hip; legs; ankles; and feet
axial skeleton is consisted of 80 bones; skull; spine; ribs; sternum; hyoid bones
vertebrae is made up of 5 cerivcal; 12 thoracic; 5 lumbar; sacrum(5 bones fused together); coccyx (4 bones fused together)
purpose of muscles attach to skeleton; enable movement; give body shape; maintain posture
types of muscle skeletal; smooth and caridac
supporting structures tendons; ligaments; joints
injury to a muscle or tendon caused by excessive use or overexcertion strain
trauma to ligament, muscle or tendon usually caused by a twisting motion sprain
temporary displacement of a bone from its usual position in a joint dislocation
break in the bone fracture
realign bones to their original position reduction
bone is completely broken into two or more pieces complete fracture
bone is partially broken incomplete fracture
bone is partially bent and partially broken greenstick
fracture that occurs as a result of twisting the bone spiral fracture
fine hairline fracture as a result of repeated trauma stress fracture
bone is broken and goes through the skin open(compound) fracture
fracture due to a disease condition that weakens the bone pathological fracture
disease resulting in weak and brittle bones osteoporosis
inflammatory process that affects the joints arthritis
a severe twist of the knee can result in this injury ACL injury
caused by compression of the median nerve located at the base of the palm carpal tunnel syndrome
inflammation caused by too much tension on the fascia of the foot plantar fascitis
inflammation of the bursa of a joint bursitis
stiff device that is used to support and immobilize an injured body part splint
used for more long term immobilization of a broken bone cast
this device is used when someone needs slight support on one side of the body cane
this is used when weight bearing on a foot or leg is prohibited crutches
when using axillary crutches how much space should there be between the axillary and crutch pads 3 finger widths
most common crutch gait used when one leg is non weight bearing three point gait
provides the most support and stability for pt with balance and coordination issues walker
xrays that produce cross sectional views of a body part CT scan
uses magnetic waves to produce images of the body part MRI
permanent film record of a body part xray
four most common orthopedic surgeries total joint replacement; total shoulder replacement; spine surgery; ACL repair
therapy to develop maintain and restore movement to the musculoskeletal tissues PT (physical therapy)
therapy that may be used during PT ultrasound; electrical stimulation; hydrotherapy; thermotherapy; cryotherapy
gentle movement of a joint through its normal range of motion ROM
movement away from the midline of the body abduction
movement toward the midline of the body adduction
move body part in a circular motion circumduction
turning outward eversion
to turn inward inversion
turning the palm downward pronation
turning the palm upward supanation
to straighten extension
to ben flexion
drugs used to decrease inflammation steroids and NSAIDS
drugs that prevent loss of bone mass bisphosphates
drugs that decrease or relax smooth muscle muscle relaxors
examples of NSAIDS ibuprofen; naprosyn
examples of bisphosphonates boniva; fosamax
examples of muscle relaxors flexaril; robaxin; valium
Created by: clarevoyant1019
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