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Ch. 6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Contractility | shorten with force |
| Excitability | respond to a stimulus. |
| Extensibility | stretched |
| Elasticity | recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched. |
| Connective Tissue sheath | Epimysium |
| Connective tissue outside of the epimysium | Fascia |
| When a muscle is composed of numerous visible bundles | muscle fascicle |
| Muscle fascicles are surrounded by what kind of loose connective tissue? | perimysium |
| Fasciculi composed of single muscle cells called? | fibers |
| Each fiber surrounded by a connective tissue sheath | Endomysium |
| Cytoplasm of each fiber | Myofibrils |
| a threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other | Myofibrils |
| Thin myofilaments | Actin |
| Thick Myofilaments | Myosin |
| Extends from one Z-line to the next Z-line | Sarcomere |
| the darker central region in each sarcomere. | A-band |
| the center of each sarcomere is another light area called | H-zone |
| On each side of the Z line is a light area called | I-Band |
| myosin myofilaments are attached in the center of the sarcomere at a dark staining band called | M-line |
| outside of most cell membranes | Positively charged |
| inside of cell membranes | Negatively Charged |
| Nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers | Motor Neurons |
| The enlarged nerve terminal, | presynaptic terminal |
| the space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell | Synaptic cleft |
| The muscle fiber | postsynaptic terminal |
| Each presynaptic terminal contains synaptic vesicles that secrete a neurotransmitter | acetylcholine |
| The acetylcholine released into the synaptic cleft between the neuron and muscle cell is rapidly broken down by an enzyme | acetylcholinesterase |
| Anaerobic Respiration | without oxygen |
| Aerobic Respiration | with oxygen |
| Equal Distance | Isometric |
| Equal tension | Isotonic |
| the end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement. | Insertion |
| most stationary end of the muscle | Origin(head) |
| Raises eyebrows | Frontalis |
| Blinks and closes eye | Orbicularis Oculi |
| Closes and protrudes lips | Orbicularis oris |
| closes jaw | Temporalis |
| Raises corner of mouth | Zygomaticus |
| closes jaw | Masseter |
| Compresses cheek, holds food between teeth during chewing | Buccinator |
| Flexes neck; laterally rotates head | Sternocleidomastoid |
| Tenses skin of neck | Platysma |
| Adducts and flexes humerus | Pectoralis major |
| flexes vertebral column | Rectus abdominis |
| Flexes and rotates vertebral column | External oblique |
| Flexes elbow and supinates forearm | biceps brachii |
| flexes elbow | brachialis |
| abducts arm(shoulder) | deltoid |
| flexes hip | iliopsoas |
| adduct and medially rotate thigh | Adductor muscles |
| Flexes thigh on hip | Sartorius |
| All extend knee; rectus femoris also flexes hip on tigh | Quadriceps group |
| Doriflexes and inverts foot | Tibialis anterior |
| Extends toes | Extensor digitorum |
| Plantar flex and evert foot | fibularis muscles |
| Raises, retracts, and rotates scapula (mid shoulder and neck) | Trapezius |
| Extends and adducts humerus | Latissimus Dorsi |
| Extends and laterally flexes spine | Erector Spinae |
| Flexes spine laterally; extends spine | Quadratus Lumborum |
| Abducts humerus | Deltoid |
| Extends elbow | Triceps brachii |
| Flexes wrists and abducts hand | Flexor Carpi radialis |
| Flexes wrists and adducts hand | Flexor carpi ulnaris |
| Flexes wrist and fingers | Flexor digitorium superficialis |
| Extends wrist and abducts hand | Extensor carpi radialis |
| extends fingers | Extensor digitorium |
| Extends hip | Gluteus Maximus |
| Abducts thigh; steadies pelvis during walking | Gluteus medius |
| flex knee and extend hip | Hamstring muscles |
| Plantar flexes foot and flexes knee | Gastrocnemius |
| Plantar flexes foot | Soleus |
| contract quickly and fatigue quickly | Fast twitch fibers |
| contract more slowly and are more resistant to fatigue. | Slow twitch fibers |
| results when ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced in the muscle cells. | Muscle fatigue |
| is the amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions to convert lactic acid to glucose | Oxygen Debt |
| Whenever the muscle remains contracted without relaxing | Tetany |
| Chewing | Mastication |
| what muscles are involved in Mastication? | Temporalis and Masseter |
| Changes shape of tongue | Intrinsic |
| Moves the tongue | extrinsic |
| Muscles that work together | Synergists |
| Muscles that work opposite of each other | Antagonist |
Created by:
Kaileighlewingdon
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