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Anatomy
Senses (Chapter 15)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Surrounds the entrance to the external canal; protects the canal; channels sound waves into the canal. | Pinna |
| Channels sound waves to the tympanum. | External Auditory Canal |
| Thin membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear; vibrates in response to sound waves. | Tympanum |
| Auditory ossicle attached to the tympanum; AKA the hammer. | Malleus |
| The auditory ossicle attached to the oval window; AKA the stirrup. | Stapes |
| The middle auditory ossicle; AKA the anvil. | Incus |
| The bones in the middle ear; transmit sound waves from the tympanum to the oval window. | Auditory ossicles |
| Thin membrane that causes the fluid in the cochlea to vibrate in response to sound waves carried by the ossicles. | Round window |
| Thin membrane that separates the fluid in the cochlea form the air in the middle ear. | Oval window |
| Contains receptors that provide sensation of hearing. | Cochlea |
| Helps maintain balance when the head and body are moved suddenly. | Dynamic |
| Maintains posture and stability when the body is motionless. | Static |
| Provides information about position with respect to gravity. | Static |
| Provides information about rotational movements of the head. | Dynamic |
| Receptors are found in the semicircular canals. | Dynamic |
| Receptors are found in the vestibule | Static |
| Inherited bone disorder that impairs conduction by causing structural irregularity in the stapes. | Otosclerosis |
| "ringing in the ear" | Tinnitus |
| Middle ear infection | Otitis media |
| Sensation of spinning | Vertigo |
| Progressive hearing loss associated with aging | Presbycusis |
| Chronic inner ear disease characterized by progressive nerve deafness and vertigo | Meniere's disease |
| Nearsightedness | Myopia |
| An irregularity in the cornea | Astigmatism |
| "pink-eye" | Conjunctivitis |
| Chlamydial conjunctivitis | Trachoma |
| Cloudy spots in the eye's lens | Cataracts |
| Often caused by diabetes mellitus | Retinopathy |
| Farsightedness | Hyperopia |
| "night-blindness" | Nyctalopia |
| Loss of only the center of the visual field. | Scotoma |
| Excessive intraocular pressure caused by abnormal accumulation of aqueous humor. | Glaucoma |
| Rich in blood and contains a dark pigment that prevents light scattering within the eye. | Choroid |
| Pigmented portion of the eye that control the diameter of the pupil. | Iris |
| Allows light to enter the eye. | Pupil |
| Attached to the lens; changes the shape of the lens during focusing. | Ciliary body |
| Contains the photoreceptors (rods and cones); converts light into a nerve impulse. | Retina |
| Blind spot; where the optic nerve exits the eyeball. | Optic disc |
| Yellow spot; area of high cone density. | Macula lutea |
| Contains only cones and is the area of greatest visual acuity. | Fovea centralis |
| Focuses light into the retina. | Lens |
| Holds the lens upright and is attached to the ciliary body. | Suspensory ligament |
| Contains aqueous humor. | Anterior chamber |
| Contains vitreous humor. | Vitreous chamber |
| White of the eye. | Sclera |
| Anterior portion of the fibrous tunic; clear and transparent. | Cornea |
| Muscles that constrict the pupil when contracted. | Circular muscles |
| Muscle that dilate the pupil when contracted. | Radial fibers |
| Produces tears. | Lacrimal apparatus |
| Mucous membrane that lines the internal surface of the eyelids and continues over the anterior surface of the eyeball to the other edge of the cornea. | Conjunctiva |
| Inflammation of the conjunctiva. | Conjunctivitis |
| Modified swear glands that lie between the eyelashes and help lubricate the eyeball. | Ciliary glands |
| Inflammation of the ciliary glands. | Sty |
| Secrete an oily substance. | Meibomian glands |
| Dilute salt solution that cleanses, moistens, and protects the eye surface. | Tears |
| Light bending. | Refraction |
| Ability to focus for close (under 20 ft.) vision. | Accomodation |
| Normal vision. | Emmetropia |
| Inability to focus well on close objects (farsightedness). | Hyperopia |
| Nearsightedness. | Myopia |
| Blurred vision due to unequal curvatures of the lens or cornea. | Astigmatism |
| Medial movement of the eyes during focusing on close objects. | Convergence |
| The ear is divided into _____ major sections. | Three (3) |
| The function of the ossicles is to ________ sound vibrations through the middle ear. | Amplify & Carry |
| Another name for the eardrum is the _______. | Tympanic membrane |
| The ______ in the inner ear houses the structure that converts sound vibrations into nerve impulses. | Cochlea |
| The collective name for the three tiny bones found in the middle ear is _________. | Ossicles |
| The name of the first of the three tiny bones found in the middle ear is _______. | Malleus (Hammer) |
| The name of the second of the three tiny bones found in the middle ear is _______. | Incus (Anvil) |
| The name of the third of the three tiny bones found in the middle ear is _______. | Stapes (stirrup) |
| __________ are located in the inner ear deal with balance & equilibrium. | Semicircular canals |
| A tube connecting th eback of the throat with the middle ear is the __________. | Eustachian |
| _______ is a term used to denote "ringing" in the ears. | Tinnitus |
| A structure called the __________ carries nerve impulses from the inner ear to the brain. | Auditory nerve |
| The flap of the outer ear is called the _____. | Auricle |
| The main task of the Eustachian tube is to ________ the air pressure in the middle ear to the air pressure of the outer ear. | Equalize |
| The auricle's function is to direct __________ into the canal of the outer ear. | Sound vibrations |
Created by:
kserrano005
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