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GOV CH 14 TEST 2018
Mr. Stickler's Liberty Christian Gov. Chap. 14 Test Flashcards 2018
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does the term "naturalization" mean? | The legal process by which a person is granted the rights & privileges of a citizen. |
| What is the difference between "denaturalization" and "expatriation"? | With "denaturalization", the person has their citizenship taken away from them; "expatriation" is when a person voluntarily gives up their citizenship (usually to become a citizen of another country). |
| What does "jus soli" mean? | This literally means "law of the soil". It means that anyone born on U.S. soil is a U.S. citizen. |
| What does "jus sanguinis" mean? | This literally means "law of blood". It means that anyone born to someone who is a U.S. citizen is also a U.S. citizen, regardless of the country where they were born. Only 1 parent needs to be a U.S. citizen for this to apply. |
| List two (2) of the five (5) qualifications for becoming a naturalized U.S. citizen. | 1.) Must swear an oath of allegiance; 2.) Must be living here legally; 3.) Must be of "good moral character"; 4.) Must prove they can read, write, & speak English; 5.) Have basic knowledge of U.S. history & Gov. |
| What is one (1) thing that naturalized U.S. citizens cannot do, even after they become citizens? | They cannot become the president or vice president. |
| What does the term "collective naturalization" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to occasions when Congress declares an entire group of people, living in the same geographic area, to be lawful U.S. citizens. |
| How often has Congress used "collective naturalization"? Give one (1) example. | Congress has used this only 5 times. One example is when Thomas Jefferson purchased the Louisiana Territory and doubled the size of the U.S. Congress declared everyone living in the Territory to be U.S. citizens. |
| What were "Jim Crow Laws"? | These were laws (mainly in Southern states) that required racial segregation in such places as schools, public transportation, and hotels. The goal of these laws was to keep former slaves in a "condition similar to servitude". |
| What was the "separate but equal doctrine"? | This was a racial policy, formerly practiced in some parts of the United States, by which African Americans could be segregated if granted equal opportunities and facilities, as for education, transportation, or jobs. |
| What was the Civil Rights Movement? | This was the national effort made by African Americans and their supporters in the 1950’s and 1960’s to eliminate segregation and gain equal rights |
| What did the Supreme Court rule in the "Miranda vs. Arizona" case? | The Supreme Court ruled that Ernesto Miranda's 5th Amendment rights were violated, specifically that he incriminated himself without knowing about his right to refuse to testify against himself & to have a lawyer present during questioning. |
| What did the Supreme Court rule in the "Plessy vs. Ferguson" case? | The Supreme Court ruled that Homer Plessy's 13th & 14th Amendment rights were not violated. The Court noted that as long as the railroad cars were "equal", there was no harm in having "whites only" & "blacks only" cars. |
| What did the Supreme Court rule in the "Dredd Scott vs. Sandford" case? | The Supreme Court ruled that Dred Scott was not a U.S. citizen according to the Constitution, which meant that all of his previous cases were brought to trial illegally. |
| Which Constitutional Amendment was written and passed as a direct result of the Dred Scott Supreme Court decision? | The 14th Amendment was passed as a direct result of this decision. That Amendment outlines exactly who can be a U.S. citizen as well as the rights that all U.S. citizens will enjoy. |
| What two (2) types of trials MUST go to the Supreme Court? | Trials involving states and trials that related to the U.S. Constitution and/ or its Amendments. |
| What does the term "affirmative action" relate to? | This policy relates to government policies that directly or indirectly give a preference to minorities, women, or the physically challenged in order to make up for past discrimination caused by society. |
| What is the "Security Classification System"? | This provides information on government activities related to national security & foreign policy may be kept secret. (Pg. 416) |
| What does the term "transcript" mean/ refer to? | This term means "a summary record". It usually relates to written records of meetings or trials. (Pg. 416) |
| Which Amendment specifies trial by jury as part of the "due process of law"? | The 6th Amendment specifies this. ("You Be the Judge", Pg. 410) |
| What does the term "suspect classification" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to situations in which ". . . a classification is made on the basis or race or national origin". (Pg. 407) |
| What is the Rational Basis Test? | This provides that the court will uphold a state law when the state can show good reason to justify the classification. (Pg. 406) |
| What does the term "fundamental rights" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to "rights that go to the heart of the American system or are indispensable in a just system". (Pg. 407) |
| What does the term "discrimination" mean/ refer to? | This term means situations in which "individuals are treated unfairly solely because of their race, gender, ethnic group, age, physical disability, or religion". (Pg. 407) |
| Explain how "double jeopardy" works as related to the U.S. court system works. | This is a situation in which a person is tried twice (in a court of law) for the same crime. This is illegal according to the 5th Amendment. Citizens can only be tried once for a crime they commit. (Pg. 404) |
| Which Amendment prevents "cruel and unusual punishment"? | The 8th Amendment prevents this. (Pg. 405) |
| Which Amendment prevents "self incrimination"? | The 5th Amendment prevents this. (Pg. 402) |
| What is the "exclusionary rule"? | This states that ". . . any illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in a federal court". (Pg. 399) |
| All immigrants who become naturalized citizens have all of the same rights & privileges as natural - born U.S. citizens with the exception of _____________________________ & ___________________________. | A.) Serving as Vice President; B.) Serving as the President of the United States. (Pg. 393) |
| What does the term "resident alien" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to "a person from a foreign nation who has established permanent residence in the United States". |
| What does the term "non-resident alien" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to "a person from a foreign country who expects to stay in the United States for a short, specified length of time". |
| What does the term "enemy alien" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to "a citizen of a nation with which the United States is at war". |
| What does the term "illegal alien" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to "a person who comes to the United States without a legal permit, such as a passport, visa, or entry permit". |
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