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Ch. 27 test review T
finalspr
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Clumping together | Agglutination |
| Anemia | Condition in which levels of hemoglobin in the red blood cells are insufficient; caused by decreased healthy red cell production by the bone marrow |
| Aneurysm | Abnormal widening or ballooning of a portion of an artery related to weakness in the vessel wall |
| Angioplasty | Surgical vessel repair procedure frequently used to reopen a blocked coronary artery |
| Aorta | Largest artery of the blood into which blood enters after it leaves the left ventricle |
| Arrhythmia | Irregular heartbeat caused by a disturbance of normal electrical activity of the heart pulse with an irregular rhythm |
| Arteriosclerosis | A thickening and loss of elasticity of the arteries also called hardening of the arteries |
| Atherosclerosis | Narrowing and hardening of the vessels Lumen of the arteries due to a buildup of fatty material and plaque |
| Atria | Two upper chambers of the heart |
| Atrioventricular | Valve |
| Auscultation | Listening to sounds within the body such as heart sounds |
| Bicuspid valve | The valve through which the blood leaves the left atrium of the heart; also known as mitral valve. |
| Blood pressure | Force exerted by the blood on the walls of the arteries |
| Bradycardia | Abnormally slow heart rate or below 60 beats per minute |
| Bruit | Sound made by a heart murmur |
| Buffers | Mechanisms within the blood that balance the pH level does preventing blood from becoming too acidic or too alkaline |
| Bundle of His | One of the three areas of specialized neuromuscular tissue that initiates the heartbeat also called Atrioventricular (AV) bundle |
| Cardiac arrest | Stoppage of the beating of the heart also called sudden death |
| Cardiac tamponade | Congestion of the heart muscle and restriction of heart movement caused by the blood or fluid trapped in the pericardial sac |
| Cardiogenic shock | Collapse of the cardiovascular system characterized by vasodilation and fluid shifting away from the heart |
| Carditis | Inflammation of the hearts |
| Carotid artery | Artery found on each side of the neck |
| Congestive heart failure CHF | Heart cannot pump sufficient blood to the other organs also called heart failure |
| Coronary arteries | Crown of arteries that supply the heart with freshly oxygenated blood |
| Coronary artery disease CAD | Blockage of the arteries that supply the heart muscle also called coronary heart disease CHD |
| Cor Pulmonale | Heart disease that causes the right ventricle to enlarge as a result of primary lung disease also called right sided heart disease |
| Cyanosis | Bluish discoloration of the skin and nail beds due to lack of oxygen in the tissues |
| Diastolic blood pressure | Lowest cuff pressure at which the korotkoff sounds disappear when the left ventricle of the heart relaxes |
| Dyspnea | Difficulty breathing |
| Endocardium | Innermost lining of the heart wall |
| Erythrocytes | Biconcave cells produced in the red bone marrow that are small enough to pass through capillaries and carry oxygen to the tissue and organs also called RBC's |
| Heart | Four chambered muscular pump that circulates blood throughout the cardiovascular system |
| Heart murmur | Condition in which a damaged or diseased valve allows blood to escape and move backward through the valve |
| Hemoglobin | Iron containing pigment of red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs throughout the body |
| Hemophilia | Hereditary deficiency of clotting factors |
| Homeostasis | Stoppage of bleeding as a result of the smooth muscle at the side of the brake causing the vessel wall to contract creating a spasm that reduces the amount of blood loss and initiating the attachment of platelets to the broken area and to each other which |
| Hypertension htn | High blood pressure |
| Hypotension | Low blood pressure |
| Hypoxia | Insufficient oxygen supply to the tissues that cause by ischemia and infarction |
| Infarction | Death of heart muscle |
| Inferior venacava | Large vein that brings blood from below the heart to the atrium |
| Ischemia | Reduced blood flow to the heart |
| Leukemia | Malignant cancer of bone marrow and blood affecting the white blood cells |
| Leukocyte | Two types phagocytes and lymphocytes of large blood cells that fight infection and thus contributing to homeostasis white blood cells |
| Mitral valve | The valve through which blood leaves the left atrium of the heart also called bicuspid valve |
| Myocardial infraction | Condition that occurs when the blood supply to a part of the myocardium is severely reduced or stopped also called heart attack |
| Myocardium | Middle muscular layer of the heart |
| Occlusion | Blockage |
| Pericardium | Outer lining of the heart wall |
| Petechiae | Tiny broken blood vessels on the surface of the skin |
| Plasma | Fluid portion of the blood water portion of the blood that contains blood cells |
| Platelets | Smallest cells in blood formed in the red bone marrow main function is to assist in the clotting of the blood for wound healing also called thrombocytes |
| Prehypertension | In adults over 18 years old blood pressure ranging from 120/80 to 139/89 mmHg, considered a precursor to hypertension |
| Pulmonary artery | Artery that transports blood from the right ventricle to the lungs |
| Pulmonary vein | Vein that transports freshly oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium |
| Pulse pressure | Difference b/w the systolic and diastolic blood pressure |
| Purkinje fiber | Specialized conductive fibers located within the walls of the ventricles responsible for relaying cardiac impulses to the cells of the ventricles which then contract |
| RhoGam | Drug administered to a pregnant woman to inhibit the production of antibodies against the RH antigen |
| Septum | Wall that separates the left and right sides of the heart |
| Sinoatrial SA node | One of the three areas of specialized neuromuscular tissue that initiates the heartbeat located in the upper wall of the right atrium also called pacemaker of the heart |
| Sphygmomanometer | Instrument used to measure blood pressure |
| Stroke | Results of a clot or Hemorrhage in the brain clocking the blood supply in causing brain cells to die from lack of oxygen |
| Superior venacava | Large vein that transports blood from the head and upper chest to the heart |
| Systolic blood pressure | Upper number of blood pressure measurement indicated of the left ventricle of the heart Contracting |
| Tachycardia | Abnormally rapid heart rate |
| Thrombophlebitis | Condition that occurs when the blood clot causes inflammation in one or more veins typically those of the lower extremities |
| Tricuspid valve | Heart valve from the right atrium to the right ventricle |
| Venipuncture | The process of cutting into or puncturing of Maine typically for the purpose of collecting blood samples for testing |
| Ventricles | Small blisters |
Created by:
prodriguez88
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