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Anat-The Heart
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| size of heart | size of a closed fist |
| location of heart | in the thoracic cavity in the mediastinum; protected by the ribcage and the sternum |
| shape of heart | top is flat (base) and connects to major blood vessels, bottom is like the blunt, rounded point of a cone (apex) and points to the left side of the body |
| parts of the pericardium | fibrous and serous pericardium |
| fibrous pericardium structure/function | made up of dense (fibrous) irregular connective tissue for strength surrounds the heart and anchors it to the diaphragm and the base of the great vessels |
| parts of the serous pericardium | parietal and serous pericardium and pericardial cavity (pericardial fluid) |
| parietal pericardium location | lines the inner surface of the fibrous pericardium |
| visceral pericardium location | lines the heart |
| vein | any blood vessel that carries blood to the heart |
| artery | any blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart |
| auricle location/structure | like an extra little bit of an atrium-one found on each atrium; has a scalloped edge (ear-shaped) |
| auricle function | adds extra volume to the atrium |
| atrium structure | smaller of the two chambers and somewhat thin-walled |
| ventricle structure | much larger and thicker-walled of the two chambers |
| major veins connecting to the heart | superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, pulmonary veins |
| superior vena cava function | carries blood above the heart back to the heart; empties into the right atrium |
| inferior vena cava function | carries blood below the heart back to the heart; empties into the right atrium |
| pulmonary veins (left and right) function | carry blood from the lungs to the left atrium |
| major arteries connecting to the heart | aorta, pulmonary trunk |
| aorta function | carries blood high in oxygen from the left ventricle to all the organs and tissues of the body (branches though) |
| pulmonary trunk function | carries blood from the right ventricle to the lungs (divides) |
| heart valves function | ensure a single, one-way flow of blood through the heart |
| two atrioventricular valves | tricuspid and bicuspid |
| tricuspid valve location | between the right atrium and ventricle |
| bicuspid valve name/location | mitral valve; between the left atrium and ventricle |
| aortic semilunar valve location | between the left ventricle and the base of the aorta |
| pulmonary semilunar valve location | between the right ventricle and the base of the pulmonary trunk |
| chordae tendineae structure/location | thin, white strands of collagen fibers (thin and tough tendons) that attach to the edge of an atrioventricular valve and the inner surface of the ventricular wall (papillary muscles) |
| papillary muscles structure/function | finger-like projections that connect to the chordae tendineae |
| direction of blood flow (simplistically) | flows from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure |
| systemic circulation parts | left atrium and ventricle and all the blood vessels that carry blood to all the peripheral organs and tissues of the body; blood to and from the body |
| pulmonary circulation parts | right atrium and ventricle and pulmonary arteries and veins; blood to and from the lungs |
Created by:
Jean-O
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