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Anat-The Heart

QuestionAnswer
size of heart size of a closed fist
location of heart in the thoracic cavity in the mediastinum; protected by the ribcage and the sternum
shape of heart top is flat (base) and connects to major blood vessels, bottom is like the blunt, rounded point of a cone (apex) and points to the left side of the body
parts of the pericardium fibrous and serous pericardium
fibrous pericardium structure/function made up of dense (fibrous) irregular connective tissue for strength surrounds the heart and anchors it to the diaphragm and the base of the great vessels
parts of the serous pericardium parietal and serous pericardium and pericardial cavity (pericardial fluid)
parietal pericardium location lines the inner surface of the fibrous pericardium
visceral pericardium location lines the heart
vein any blood vessel that carries blood to the heart
artery any blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
auricle location/structure like an extra little bit of an atrium-one found on each atrium; has a scalloped edge (ear-shaped)
auricle function adds extra volume to the atrium
atrium structure smaller of the two chambers and somewhat thin-walled
ventricle structure much larger and thicker-walled of the two chambers
major veins connecting to the heart superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, pulmonary veins
superior vena cava function carries blood above the heart back to the heart; empties into the right atrium
inferior vena cava function carries blood below the heart back to the heart; empties into the right atrium
pulmonary veins (left and right) function carry blood from the lungs to the left atrium
major arteries connecting to the heart aorta, pulmonary trunk
aorta function carries blood high in oxygen from the left ventricle to all the organs and tissues of the body (branches though)
pulmonary trunk function carries blood from the right ventricle to the lungs (divides)
heart valves function ensure a single, one-way flow of blood through the heart
two atrioventricular valves tricuspid and bicuspid
tricuspid valve location between the right atrium and ventricle
bicuspid valve name/location mitral valve; between the left atrium and ventricle
aortic semilunar valve location between the left ventricle and the base of the aorta
pulmonary semilunar valve location between the right ventricle and the base of the pulmonary trunk
chordae tendineae structure/location thin, white strands of collagen fibers (thin and tough tendons) that attach to the edge of an atrioventricular valve and the inner surface of the ventricular wall (papillary muscles)
papillary muscles structure/function finger-like projections that connect to the chordae tendineae
direction of blood flow (simplistically) flows from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure
systemic circulation parts left atrium and ventricle and all the blood vessels that carry blood to all the peripheral organs and tissues of the body; blood to and from the body
pulmonary circulation parts right atrium and ventricle and pulmonary arteries and veins; blood to and from the lungs
Created by: Jean-O
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